The cortisol awakening response and memory performance in older men and women

Premature Immunosenescence Is Associated with Memory Dysfunction in Rheumatoid Arthritis

“…Several mechanisms are potentially involved with cognitive dysfunction in RA, including the chronic inflammatory condition per se as well as long-term GC use. GCs have been linked with cognitive impairment [29,30,31] and GC receptors are particularly involved in the consolidation and retention of learned information [32]. Persistent inflammation may also contribute to cognitive decline [33,34] and systemic inflammation has been observed to increase with advancing age in humans (known as ‘inflammaging') [33].…”

Lower morning to evening cortisol ratio is associated with cognitive impairment in men but not women: An analysis of 733 older subjects of the cross-sectional KORA-Age study

“…In women, higher evening cortisol was associated with greater decline in reasoning (Singh-Manoux et al, 2014), greater urinary cortisol excretion was associated with memory decline (Seeman et al, 1997), and high morning as well as a flatter cortisol pattern was associated with poorer verbal fluency and visual memory (Beluche et al, 2010). In men, elevated CAR was associated with poorer memory (Almela et al, 2012) and a flatter diurnal pattern in poorer visuo-spatial and visual memory performance (Beluche et al, 2010).…”

“…Previous findings suggest that sex has an important role in the association between HPA axis activity and cognitive function, particularly among older people, with sex differences reported in some (Almela et al, 2012;Beluche et al, 2010;Seeman et al, 1997) but not all studies (Karlamangla et al, 2005). It has also been shown that cortisol responses differ in men and women, but whether the cortisol-cognition relationship mirrors the sex specific relationship of the general cortisol response is still uncertain.…”

Acute stress does not impair long-term memory retrieval in older people

“…To measure declarative memory, the Spanish version of the RAVLT (Miranda & Valencia, 1997) was used as described previously (Almela, van der Meij, Hidalgo, Villada, & Salvador, 2012). Briefly, participants had to learn a target list of 15 neutral words repeated five times (trials 1-5: Total Learning).…”