The cosmological constant as a manifestation of the conformal anomaly?

Thomas, Evan; Urban, Federico R.; Zhitnitsky, Ariel R.

doi:10.1088/1126-6708/2009/08/043

Cited by 45 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Such coefficients, used in Eqs. (13), (14) and (20), (21) give the contributions of the thermal vacuum states to the energy and pressure. If one considers the cosmic microwave background temperature, i.e.…”

Section: Thermal States Hawking and Unruh Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dark Matter and Dark Energy Induced by Condensates

Capolupo

2016

Advances in High Energy Physics

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It is shown that the vacuum condensate induced by many phenomena behaves as a perfect fluid which, under particular conditions, has zero or negative pressure. In particular, the condensates of thermal states, of fields in curved space and of mixed particles have been analyzed. It is shown that the thermal states with the cosmic microwave radiation temperature, the Unruh and the Hawking radiations give negligible contributions to the critical energy density of the universe, while the thermal vacuum of the intercluster medium could contribute to the dark matter, together with the vacuum energy of fields in curved space-time and of mixed neutrinos. Moreover, a component of the dark energy can be represented by the vacuum of axion-like particles mixed with photons and superpartners of neutrinos. The formal analogy among the systems characterized by the condensates can open new scenarios in the possibility to detect the dark components of the universe in table top experiments.PACS numbers:

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Section: Thermal States Hawking and Unruh Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dark Matter and Dark Energy Induced by Condensates

Capolupo

2016

Advances in High Energy Physics

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“…Later on, such a definition for the relevant energy ΔE ≡ ðE FLRW − E Mink Þ that enters the Einstein equations was advocated from different perspectives in a number of papers; see, e.g., relatively recent works [37][38][39][40][41][42]. See also review article [32] with a background on the subject and a large number of references.…”

Section: A On An Interpretation Of the Strange Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflaton as an auxiliary topological field in a QCD-like system

Zhitnitsky

2014

Phys. Rev. D

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We propose a new scenario for early cosmology, where inflationary de Sitter phase dynamically occurs. The effect emerges as a result of dynamics of the topologically nontrivial sectors in expanding universe. Technically the effect can be described in terms of the auxiliary fields which effectively describe the dynamics of the topological sectors in a gauge theory. Inflaton in this framework is an auxiliary topological non-propagating field with no canonical kinetic term, similar to known topologically ordered phases in condensed matter systems. We explain many deep questions in this framework using the so-called weakly coupled "deformed QCD" toy model.While this theory is weakly coupled gauge theory, it preserves all the crucial elements of strongly interacting gauge theory, including confinement, nontrivial $\theta$ dependence, degeneracy of the topological sectors, etc. We discuss a specific realization of these ideas using a scaled up version of QCD, coined as \qcd, with the scale M_{PL}\gg \Lbar\gg \sqrt[3]{M_{EW}^2M_{PL}}\sim 10^8 {\mathrm{GeV}}. If no other fields are present in the system de Sitter phase will be the final destination of evolution of the universe. If other interactions are present in the system, the inflationary de Sitter phase lasts for a finite period of time. The inflation starts from the thermal equilibrium state long after the \qcd -confinement phase transition at temperature T_{i}\sim \Lbar\sqrt{\frac{\Lbar}{M_{PL}}}. The end of inflation is triggered by the coupling with gauge bosons from the Standard Model. The corresponding interaction is unambiguously fixed by the triangle anomaly. Number of e-folds in the \qcd-inflation framework is determined by the gauge coupling constant at the moment of inflation, and estimated as N_{\rm inf}\sim \alpha_s^{-2}\sim 10^2.Comment: new references and comment

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“…The gluon condensate directly influences properties of the quark-gluon plasma and its hadronisation, as well as dynamics of the QCD phase transition. On the other hand, YM condensates have various implications in the cosmological evolution ranging from the Cosmic Inflation [5][6][7] to the phenomenon of late-time acceleration and the Dark Energy (DE) [8][9][10] (see also Refs. [11][12][13][14][15][16]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mirror QCD and Cosmological Constant

2017

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An analog of Quantum Chromo Dynamics (QCD) sector known as mirror QCD (mQCD) can affect the cosmological evolution due to a non-trivial contribution to the Cosmological Constant analogous to that induced by the ground state in non-perturbative QCD. In this work, we explore a plausible hypothesis for trace anomalies cancellation between the usual QCD and mQCD. Such an anomaly cancellation between the two gauge theories, if it exists in Nature, would lead to a suppression or even elimination of their contributions to the Cosmological Constant. The trace anomaly compensation condition and the form of the non-perturbative mQCD coupling constant in the infrared limit have been proposed by analysing a partial non-perturbative solution of the Einstein-Yang-Mills equations of motion.

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The cosmological constant as a manifestation of the conformal anomaly?

Cited by 45 publications

References 56 publications

Dark Matter and Dark Energy Induced by Condensates

Dark Matter and Dark Energy Induced by Condensates

Inflaton as an auxiliary topological field in a QCD-like system

Mirror QCD and Cosmological Constant

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