“…The rising interest in Boko Haram uprising document a new line of risk to Nigeria involving bombings of religious sites, markets, schools, kidnapping, cattle rustling and armed robbery which we view as a another form of religious violence studied in greater literature as (Akinde & Yusuff, 2014;Blanquart, 2012;Casimir, Nwaoga, & Ogbozor, 2014;Eme & Ibietan, 2012;Nicklas & Mandela, 2014;Okoli & Agada, 2014). The activities of the Islamic insurgents give rise to further external threats to Nigeria's land borders on the northern axis.…”