The Cost of Inaction

Olsson, Ing-Marie

doi:10.6027/tn2014-557

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The burden of the disease (via EDC) has been estimated and an impact assessment made (e.g. Olsson, 2014 ; Hauser et al , 2015 ). For example, it is estimated that the EDC may contribute substantially to male reproductive disorders and disease equivalent to a staggering €15 billion cost in the European Union ( Hauser et al , 2015 ) although these figures are subject to considerable debate (e.g.…”

Section: Overall Summary: the Road To A Healthy Future For Male Infermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, it is estimated that the EDC may contribute substantially to male reproductive disorders and disease equivalent to a staggering €15 billion cost in the European Union ( Hauser et al , 2015 ) although these figures are subject to considerable debate (e.g. Olsson, 2014 ; Woodruff, 2015 ). This type of analysis needs to be developed and continually fine-tuned for male reproductive health as a whole if additional support for the basic science and clinical base of male infertility are to be realized.…”

Section: Overall Summary: the Road To A Healthy Future For Male Infermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The diagnosis of male infertility: an analysis of the evidence to support the development of global WHO guidance—challenges and future research opportunities

Barratt

Björndahl

Jonge

et al. 2017

Human Reproduction Update

378

227

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BACKGROUNDHerein, we describe the consensus guideline methodology, summarize the evidence-based recommendations we provided to the World Health Organization (WHO) for their consideration in the development of global guidance and present a narrative review of the diagnosis of male infertility as related to the eight prioritized (problem or population (P), intervention (I), comparison (C) and outcome(s) (O) (PICO)) questions. Additionally, we discuss the challenges and research gaps identified during the synthesis of this evidence.OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALEThe aim of this paper is to present an evidence-based approach for the diagnosis of male infertility as related to the eight prioritized PICO questions.SEARCH METHODSCollating the evidence to support providing recommendations involved a collaborative process as developed by WHO, namely: identification of priority questions and critical outcomes; retrieval of up-to-date evidence and existing guidelines; assessment and synthesis of the evidence; and the formulation of draft recommendations to be used for reaching consensus with a wide range of global stakeholders. For each draft recommendation the quality of the supporting evidence was then graded and assessed for consideration during a WHO consensus.OUTCOMESEvidence was synthesized and recommendations were drafted to address the diagnosis of male infertility specifically encompassing the following: What is the prevalence of male infertility and what proportion of infertility is attributable to the male? Is it necessary for all infertile men to undergo a thorough evaluation? What is the clinical (ART/non ART) value of traditional semen parameters? What key male lifestyle factors impact on fertility (focusing on obesity, heat and tobacco smoking)? Do supplementary oral antioxidants or herbal therapies significantly influence fertility outcomes for infertile men? What are the evidence-based criteria for genetic screening of infertile men? How does a history of neoplasia and related treatments in the male impact on (his and his partner's) reproductive health and fertility options? And lastly, what is the impact of varicocele on male fertility and does correction of varicocele improve semen parameters and/or fertility?WIDER IMPLICATIONSThis evidence synthesis analysis has been conducted in a manner to be considered for global applicability for the diagnosis of male infertility.

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Section: Overall Summary: the Road To A Healthy Future For Male Infermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overall Summary: the Road To A Healthy Future For Male Infermentioning

confidence: 99%

The diagnosis of male infertility: an analysis of the evidence to support the development of global WHO guidance—challenges and future research opportunities

Barratt

Björndahl

Jonge

et al. 2017

Human Reproduction Update

378

227

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We also note a difference in the estimation of attributable infertility costs performed by the Nordic Council of Ministers (Olsson, 2014). We modeled increases in infertility in a cohort of 20–40 year old women estimating annual costs because of phthalate exposures, which implicitly assumes that all women in that cohort who are not using contraception are indeed trying to conceive, with a subset of those seeking medical care and actually resulting in health care expenditures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Burden of disease and costs of exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals in the European Union: an updated analysis

et al. 2016

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SUMMARY A previous report documented that endocrine disrupting chemicals contribute substantially to certain forms of disease and disability. In the present analysis, our main objective was to update a range of health and economic costs that can be reasonably attributed to endocrine disrupting chemical exposures in the European Union, leveraging new burden and disease cost estimates of female reproductive conditions from accompanying report. Expert panels evaluated the epidemiologic evidence, using adapted criteria from the WHO Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation Working Group, and evaluated laboratory and animal evidence of endocrine disruption using definitions recently promulgated by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency. The Delphi method was used to make decisions on the strength of the data. Expert panels consensus was achieved for probable (>20%) endocrine disrupting chemical causation for IQ loss and associated intellectual disability; autism; attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; endometriosis; fibroids; childhood obesity; adult obesity; adult diabetes; cryptorchidism; male infertility, and mortality associated with reduced testosterone. Accounting for probability of causation, and using the midpoint of each range for probability of causation, Monte Carlo simulations produced a median annual cost of €163 billion (1.28% of EU Gross Domestic Product) across 1000 simulations. We conclude that endocrine disrupting chemical exposures in the EU are likely to contribute substantially to disease and dysfunction across the life course with costs in the hundreds of billions of Euros per year. These estimates represent only those endocrine disrupting chemicals with the highest probability of causation; a broader analysis would have produced greater estimates of burden of disease and costs.

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More Than Skin Deep: A Service Design Approach to Making the Luxury Personal Care Industry More Sustainable

Wakefield-Rann

2017

Sustainable Management of Luxury

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The Cost of Inaction

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

The diagnosis of male infertility: an analysis of the evidence to support the development of global WHO guidance—challenges and future research opportunities

The diagnosis of male infertility: an analysis of the evidence to support the development of global WHO guidance—challenges and future research opportunities

Burden of disease and costs of exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals in the European Union: an updated analysis

More Than Skin Deep: A Service Design Approach to Making the Luxury Personal Care Industry More Sustainable

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