Background
Surgical education remains an important mission of academic medical centers. Financial pressures, however, may favor improved operating room (OR) efficiency at the expense of surgical education. We aim to characterize resident impact on the duration of procedural time using common pediatric otolaryngologic cases which do not necessitate a surgical assistant and assess whether other factors modify the extent to which residents impact OR efficiency.
Study Design
We retrospectively reviewed resident and attending surgeon total OR and procedural times for isolated tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy, tonsillectomy with adenoidectomy (T&A) and bilateral myringotomy with tube insertion between 2009 and 2013. We included cases supervised or performed by one of four teaching surgeons in children with ASA < 3. Regression analyses were used to identify predictors of procedural time.
Results
We identified a total of 3,922 procedures. Residents had significantly longer procedure times for all four procedures compared to an attending surgeon (range: 4.9 to 12.8 minutes, p<0.001). These differences were proportional to case complexity. When comparing mean procedural times, similar differences between the resident surgeon and attending surgeon cohorts were appreciated (p<0.0001). In T&A patients, older patient age, and attending surgeon identity were also significant predictors of increased mean procedural time (p<0.05).
Conclusions
Resident participation contributes to increased procedure time for common otolaryngology procedures. While residents may increase operative times, addressing other system-wide issues may decrease impact of time needed for education and added efficiencies of resident participation may exist throughout the perioperative period. Our model is applicable to surgical education across specialties.
Level of Evidence
4