The costly burden of an inauthentic self: insecure self-esteem predisposes to emotional exhaustion by increasing reactivity to negative events

Alessandri, Guido; Perinelli, Enrico; Longis, Evelina De; Rosa, Valentina Lucia La; Theodorou, Annalisa; Боргогни, Лаура

doi:10.1080/10615806.2016.1262357

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…In this regard, a large body of literature has highlighted the role of individual differences in the development of exhaustion symptoms (for a meta-analysis, see Alarcon et al, 2009). Among these, consistent evidence points to the protective role played by self-esteem (e.g., Hobfoll and Freedy, 1993;Janssen et al, 1999;Alarcon et al, 2009;Alessandri et al, 2017), defined as a global subjective judgment of personal worth and self-acceptance (Rosenberg, 1965;Marsh and O'Mara, 2008). Individuals with high self-esteem are usually more satisfied with their life and more optimistic, have a clearer self-concept, are more likely to experience positive emotions, and have a high sense of mastery (Lyubomirsky et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It follows that stress occurs when individuals lose resources, are threatened with resource loss, or fail to gain resources after an investment (Hobfoll, 1989). Under this theoretical framework, high global self-esteem can be viewed as a "reserve" of selfworth and confidence that influences individuals' ability to cope with a (threat of) resource loss (Grandey and Cropanzano, 1999;Hobfoll, 2010;Alessandri et al, 2017). However, despite the evidence of a negative association between self-esteem and workrelated exhaustion, the process underlying this relationship has not yet been fully clarified (e.g., Janssen et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Personal Resources and Organizational Outcomes: Sex as a Moderator of the Complex Relationships Between Self-Esteem, Heart Rate Variability, and Work-Related Exhaustion

2021

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Global self-esteem represents a protective personal resource lowering the risk of psychological distress. Research conducted in the work setting has confirmed the psychosocial benefits of high self-esteem. However, research linking self-esteem to neurobiological adaptability appears quite scarce. In this study, we propose a theoretical model in which self-esteem predicts work-related exhaustion indirectly, through the mediation of heart rate variability (HRV) and negative affect at work. Moreover, we explore the relationship between self-esteem and HRV. From one side, one would expect a positive link between self-esteem and HRV, signaling higher autonomic adaptability. However, recent studies have shown that in women, such associations become more complex, with even reversed patterns as compared with that in men. Thus, we included sex as a moderator of the relationship between HRV and self-esteem. The model was tested on a sample of 110 individuals working in the relational professions (54% males; Mage = 42.6, SD = 13.73), observed for an entire workday. Results confirmed the protective role of self-esteem against the experience of negative affect and (indirectly) work-related exhaustion. Symptoms of exhaustion at work were also negatively predicted by HRV, and both HRV and negative affect acted as mediators of the relationship between self-esteem and work-related exhaustion. Notably, sex differences emerged in the association between global self-esteem and cardiac vagal tone at work: in women, self-esteem was negatively related to HRV, which in turn led to higher work-related exhaustion, whereas in men, no evidence of this indirect effect appeared. Burnout prevention programs should not ignore important sex differences in how individuals respond to work-related stress.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personal Resources and Organizational Outcomes: Sex as a Moderator of the Complex Relationships Between Self-Esteem, Heart Rate Variability, and Work-Related Exhaustion

2021

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“…Indeed, SWB has been repeatedly connected to basic personality traits, such as extraversion, low neuroticism and conscientiousness (Diener & Seligman, 2002). Thus, the mechanisms explaining these associations can be mostly linked to the basic individuals' reactivity to external life events (Alessandri et al, 2017). Individuals with a higher basic reactivity to external circumstance might show a higher decrease in SWB than individuals with a lower basic reactivity to external vents.…”

Section: Workers' Psychological Well-beingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, workers perceive stress when a resource loss happens or is threatened by significant stressors. Several principles animate the model, such as the expectations that resources loss may ingenerate loss spirals, and that those resources may have specific or interactive effect in preventing stress (see Alessandri et al, 2017 on this).…”

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confidence: 99%

Determinants of workers’ well-being during the COVID-19 outbreak: An exploratory study

et al. 2021

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Inspired by the Conservation of Resource theory (Hobfoll, 1989), this study investigated the role of a broad set of personal vulnerabilities, social, and work-related stressors and resources as predictors of workers' well-being during the COVID-19 outbreak. Participants were 594 workers in Italy. Results showed that personality predispostions, such as positivity, neuroticism and conscientiousness as well as key aspects of the individuals' relationship with their work (such as job insecurity, type of employment contract or trust in the organization) emerged as factors promoting (or hampering) workers' adjustment during the COVID -19 outbreak. Interactions between stressors and resources were also found and discussed.

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“…Holding the diagnosis closer to one's identity may provide the individual with a more solidified foundation of self, potentially resulting in a decreased negative response of prejudice from others. Having a strong sense of self has been found to decrease the negative impact of negative events (Alessandri, Perinelli, De Longis, Rosa, Theodorou, & Borgogni, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identity Centrality's Influence on the Relation Between Disclosure and Mental Health Stigma

Ege¹

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guiding me through this process, from discussing the current gaps in mental health stigma research, to conceptualizing the study in its entirety. I am grateful for how supportive and informative my thesis committee has been, including Dr. Daniel Lannin and Dr. Matthew Hesson-McInnis; thank you all for allowing me to explore this process with independence and for always being willing to help me when I felt stuck. Their guidance taught me confidence and abstract thinking regarding study conceptualization, and I will use the skills I've learned while furthering my career. I would like to thank my parents for providing tremendous support and encouragement through my academic career and personal life. Without my parents' guidance and honesty, I wouldn't have an interest and passion for those who cope with mental illness. I commend them for their personal strength and openness regarding their own journey with mental health concerns, as well as their support and encouragement for others who cope as well. To all of those who have helped me through this process who I have not named specifically, I thank you for your support and encouragement. Finally, to all of those coping with mental health concerns right now, I thank you for continuing to get up everyday and face the challenge; you are so much stronger than you know.

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The costly burden of an inauthentic self: insecure self-esteem predisposes to emotional exhaustion by increasing reactivity to negative events

Abstract: The detrimental role of incongruent self-esteem has been corroborated. Practical implications and suggestions for future research dealing with stress in a university setting were provided.

Cited by 10 publications

References 71 publications

Personal Resources and Organizational Outcomes: Sex as a Moderator of the Complex Relationships Between Self-Esteem, Heart Rate Variability, and Work-Related Exhaustion

Personal Resources and Organizational Outcomes: Sex as a Moderator of the Complex Relationships Between Self-Esteem, Heart Rate Variability, and Work-Related Exhaustion

Determinants of workers’ well-being during the COVID-19 outbreak: An exploratory study

Identity Centrality's Influence on the Relation Between Disclosure and Mental Health Stigma

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