The Counteracting Effects of Exercise on High-Fat Diet-Induced Memory Impairment: A Systematic Review

Loprinzi, Paul D.; Ponce, Pamela; Zou, Liye; Li, Hong

doi:10.3390/brainsci9060145

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…This research follows the instructions of the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement [20,21].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Rehabilitative Effects of Virtual Reality Games on Balance Performance among Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Loprinzi

Ren

2019

IJERPH

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This research aims to evaluate the effect of virtual reality (VR) games on balance recovery of children with cerebral palsy (CP) by quantitatively synthesizing the existing literature, and to further determine the impact of VR game intervention (the duration of each intervention, intervention frequency, intervention cycle, and total intervention time) on the balance recovery of children with CP. To this end, relevant literature up until 3 August 2019 was retrieved from Chinese databases (CNKI and Wanfang Data) and the databases in other languages (Web of Science, Pubmed, EBSCOhost, Informit, Scopus, Science Direct, and ProQuest), and bias analysis was conducted with the PEDro scale in this research. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were selected and underwent meta-analysis, and combined effect size was calculated with a random effects model. The results showed that VR games may improve the balance of children with CP (Hedge’s g = 0.29; 95% CI 0.10–0.48), and no significant influence of the intervention on balance of children with CP was shown in the subgroup analysis. In conclusion, VR games played a positive role in the improvement of balance of children with CP, but these results should be viewed with caution owing to current methodological defects (difference in measurement, heterogeneity of control groups, intervention combined with other treatments, etc.).

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“…This research follows the instructions of the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement [20,21].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Rehabilitative Effects of Virtual Reality Games on Balance Performance among Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Loprinzi

Ren

2019

IJERPH

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“…A sedentary lifestyle and physical inactivity (insufficient exercises time) are prevalent among children and adolescents (Sisson et al, 2009 ; Qi et al, 2019 ) and are negatively linked with their physical and psycho-cognitive health (Tremblay et al, 2011 ; Flashner et al, 2019 ). Specifically, these unhealthy lifestyle behaviors result in obesity (Rey-Lopez, 2008 ), uncoordinated movements (Ferguson et al, 2014 ; Flashner et al, 2019 ; Kong et al, 2019 ; Riquelme et al, 2019 ), negative emotions (depression, anxiety, suicide attempts) (Berardelli et al, 2018 ; Thivel et al, 2018 ; Padulo et al, 2019 ) and a severe deficit of cognitive functions (Torrens-Burton et al, 2017 ; Koolhaas et al, 2019 ; Loprinzi et al, 2019 ). Among the components of cognitive functioning, inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility play a critical role in the development of school-age children and their educational achievement or academic performance (Best, 2010 ; Willoughby et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Acute and Chronic Exercises on Executive Function in Children and Adolescents: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis

Liu

et al. 2020

Front. Psychol.

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Background: Physical exercises can affect executive function both acutely and chronically, with different mechanisms for each moment. Currently, only a few reviews have elaborated on the premise that different types of exercises have different mechanisms for improving executive function. Therefore, the primary purpose of our systematic review was to analyze the effects of acute and chronic exercises on executive function in children and adolescents.Objective: We identified acute and chronic exercise studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of executive function in children and adolescents that reported overall effect, heterogeneity, and publication bias of acute and chronic exercises on executive function.Methods: We searched for RCTs of exercise interventions in children and adolescents from databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, The Cochrane Library, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), and Wanfang, from January 1 2009 to December 31 2019. We performed methodological quality evaluations on the included literature using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database Scale (PEDro) and graded evidence with a meta-analysis using Stata 12.0 software.Results: In total, 36 RCTs were included (14 acute exercises, 22 chronic exercises); the overall results of the meta-analysis (4,577 students) indicated that acute exercises significantly improved working memory (standardized mean difference (SMD) = −0.72; 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.89 to −0.56; p < 0.001), inhibitory control (SMD = −0.25; 95% CI −0.40 to −0.09; p = 0.002), and cognitive flexibility (SMD = −0.34; 95% CI −0.55 to −0.14; p < 0.005), whereas chronic exercises significantly improved working memory (SMD = −0.54; 95% CI −0.74 to −0.33; p < 0.001), inhibitory control (SMD = −0.30; 95% CI −0.38 to −0.22; p < 0.001), and cognitive flexibility (SMD = −0.34, 95 % CI −0.48 to −0.20, p < 0.001).Conclusion: Acute and chronic exercises can effectively improve the executive function of children and adolescents. The effects on inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility are considered as small effect sizes, while the effects on working memory are considered as moderate effect size. Limited by the quantity and quality of the included studies, the above conclusions need to be verified with more high-quality studies.

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“…Specifically, the cognitive flexibility component of executive function is an important prerequisite for reversal learning [14] and acute exercise has been shown to subserve cognitive flexibility [15][16][17]. Further, chronic high-fat diet consumption has been shown to impair reversal learning and reduce BDNF levels [18], yet we have shown that exercise can counteract these effects [19]. Collectively, there is theoretical support for a relationship between acute exercise and reversal learning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Acute Exercise on Reversal Learning

Sanderson¹,

Loprinzi²

2019

obm neurobiol

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Objective: Reversal learning requires an individual to alter their behavior when previously learned reward-based contingencies are reversed. Reversal learning is heavily influenced by cognitive flexibility, which has been shown to be enhanced with acute exercise. However, minimal work has directly evaluated the effects of acute exercise on reversal learning, which was the purpose of this experiment. Methods: A between-subject randomized controlled intervention was employed. Participants (N=60) were randomized into one of three groups, including a control group, moderate-intensity exercise and vigorous-intensity exercise. The exercise bout lasted 15-min in duration.

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The Counteracting Effects of Exercise on High-Fat Diet-Induced Memory Impairment: A Systematic Review

Cited by 10 publications

References 58 publications

The Rehabilitative Effects of Virtual Reality Games on Balance Performance among Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

The Rehabilitative Effects of Virtual Reality Games on Balance Performance among Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Effects of Acute and Chronic Exercises on Executive Function in Children and Adolescents: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis

Acute Exercise on Reversal Learning

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