Proton exchange membrane
(PEM) water electrolyzers are
critical
enablers for sustainable green hydrogen production due to their high
efficiency. However, nonplatinum catalysts are rarely evaluated under
actual electrolyzer operating conditions, limiting knowledge of their
feasibility for H2 production at scale. In this work, metallic
1T′-MoTe2 films were synthesized on carbon cloth
supports via chemical vapor deposition and tested as cathodes in PEM
electrolysis. Initial three-electrode tests revealed that at 100 mA
cm–2, the overpotential of 1T′-MoTe2 approached that of leading 1T′-MoS2 systems, confirming
its promise as a hydrogen evolution catalyst. However, when tested
in a full-scale PEM electrolyzer, 1T′-MoTe2 delivered
only 150 mA cm–2 at 2 V, far below expectations.
Postelectrolysis analysis revealed an unexpected passivating tellurium
layer, likely inhibiting catalytic sites. While initially promising,
the unanticipated passivation caused 1T′-MoTe2 to
underperform in practice. This highlights the critical need to evaluate
emerging electrolyzer catalysts in PEM electrolyzers, revealing limitations
of the idealized three-electrode configuration. Moving forward, validation
of model systems in actual electrolyzers will be key to identifying
robust nonplatinum catalysts for sustainable green hydrogen production.