Tittmann, Averbouch and Makowsky [P. Tittmann, I. Averbouch, J.A. Makowsky, The enumeration of vertex induced subgraphs with respect to the number of components, European Journal of Combinatorics, 32 (2011) 954-974], introduced the subgraph component polynomial Q(G; x, y) which counts the number of connected components in vertex induced subgraphs. It contains much of the underlying graph's structural information, such as the order, the size, the independence number. We show that there are several other graph invariants, like the connectivity, the number of cycles of length four in a regular bipartite graph, are determined by the subgraph component polynomial. We prove that several well-known families of graphs are determined by the polynomial Q(G; x, y). Moreover, we study the distinguishing power and find some simple graphs which are not distinguished by the subgraph component polynomial but distinguished by the character polynomial, the matching polynomial or the Tutte polynomial. These are answers to three problems proposed by Tittmann