The COVID-19 nephrology compendium: AKI, CKD, ESKD and transplantation

Kant, Sam; Menez, Steven; Hanouneh, Mohamed; Fine, Derek M.; Crews, Deidra C.; Brennan, Daniel C.; Sperati, C. John; Jaar, Bernard G.

doi:10.1186/s12882-020-02112-0

Cited by 83 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 97 publications

(88 reference statements)

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“…In contrast, a study from UK reported that 5 out of 7 transplant recipients with COVID- 19 had severe infection requiring intensive care and 1 out of 7 died [ 13 ]. The differences in outcome from centres may reflect the differences in severity of COVID- 19 infection, the treatment strategies adopted and the duration of follow up [ 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kidney transplant dysfunction in a patient with COVID − 19 infection: role of concurrent Sars-Cov 2 nephropathy, chronic rejection and vitamin C-mediated hyperoxalosis: case report

Anandh

Gowrishankar

Sharma³

et al. 2021

BMC Nephrol

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Background COVID-19 infection in kidney transplant recipients often lead to allograft dysfunction. The allograft injury has various histopathological manifestations. Our case illustrates the unusual combination of allograft rejection, acute kidney injury secondary to oxalate nephropathy and SARS CoV-2 nephropathy as the cause of irreversible allograft failure. Case presentation A 56 year old renal allograft recipient presented with a history of fever and diarrhoea for the preceding 4 weeks, tested positive for Sars-CoV2 on nasal swab and was found to have severe allograft dysfunction, necessitating haemodialysis. He subsequently underwent an allograft biopsy, which demonstrated antibody mediated rejection along with the presence of extensive oxalate deposition in the tubules. Ultrastructural examination demonstrated spherical spiked particles in the glomerular capillary endothelium and the presence of tubulo-reticular inclusions suggestive of an active COVID-19 infection within the kidney. The intra-tubular oxalate deposition was considered to be the result of high dose, supplemental Vitamin C used as an immune booster in many patients with COVID − 19 infection in India. Conclusions This case highlights the complex pathology that may be seen in following COVID-19 disease and the need for kidney biopsies in these patients to better understand the aetiology of disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kidney transplant dysfunction in a patient with COVID − 19 infection: role of concurrent Sars-Cov 2 nephropathy, chronic rejection and vitamin C-mediated hyperoxalosis: case report

Anandh

Gowrishankar

Sharma³

et al. 2021

BMC Nephrol

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“…As treatment with RDV and TCZ is not indicated in patients with eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m 2 and, in turn, the absence of such treatment may influence the investigated outcomes, we may overestimate the causal effect of CKD on study endpoints. Lastly, due to the lack of control laboratory tests during hospitalization in some patients, we performed analysis taking into consideration the baseline renal status of patients with CKD, not looking at the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) in the course of COVID-19 in those individuals, although the experience from previous reports showed that AKI is associated with higher mortality [ 24 , 39 , 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Kidney Failure on the Severity of COVID-19

Zarębska-Michaluk

Jaroszewicz

Rogalska

et al. 2021

JCM

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Background: Patients with kidney failure are at an increased risk of progression to a severe form of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with high mortality. The current analysis was aimed to assess the impact of renal failure on the severity of COVID-19 and identify the risk factors of the fatal outcome in this population. Methods: The analysis included patients from the SARSTer database, a national real-world study evaluating treatment for COVID-19 in 30 Polish centers. Data were completed retrospectively and submitted online. Results: A total of 2322 patients were included in the analysis. Kidney failure was diagnosed in 455 individuals (19.65%), of whom 373 presented moderate stage and 82 patients, including 14 dialysis individuals, presented severe renal failure. Patients with kidney failure were significantly older and demonstrated a more severe course of COVID-19. The age, baseline SpO2, the ordinal scale of 4 and 5, neutrophil and platelet count, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and C-reactive protein concentration as well as malignancy and arterial hypertension were the independent predictors of 28-day mortality in logistic regression analysis. Conclusions: Underlying kidney disease in patients with COVID-19 is among the leading factors associated with a higher risk of severe clinical presentation and increased mortality rate.

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“…Risk factors for AKI in critical patients with COVID-19 vary according to the population. Older age, male gender, black race, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, leukocytosis, anemia, lymphopenia, increase in levels of serum inflammatory markers (D-dimer, PCR, and IL-6), and need for mechanical ventilation and vasoactive drugs as well as the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors were associated with a higher risk of AKI development in COVID-19 critical patients (30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40). Herein, chronic kidney disease was more frequent in patients who developed AKI (18.5 vs. 14.6%), however with no statistical significance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Kidney Injury Due to COVID-19 in Intensive Care Unit: An Analysis From a Latin-American Center

et al. 2021

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Introduction: The kidney may be affected by coronavirus (COVID-19) in the setting of acute kidney injury (AKI). Data about AKI in intensive care unit (ICU) patients in Latin America are scarce. We aimed to evaluate the risk of AKI, dialysis (HD), and death in ICU COVID-19 patients in a Brazilian center.Methods: Analysis from medical records of COVID-19 patients in a Brazilian center.Results: A total of 95 patients were analyzed. There was male predominance (64.2%), median age: 64.9 years, and previous history of hypertension and diabetes in 51.6 and 27.4%, respectively. AKI was diagnosed in 54 (56.8%) patients, and 32 (59.2%) of them required HD. Mortality rate was 17.9%. AKI patients when compared with no-AKI were more frequently hypertensive/diabetic and more often needed organ support therapies. Workups depicted more anemia, lymphopenia, and higher levels of inflammatory markers and higher mortality. Comparing patients who had undergone death to survivors, they were older, more frequently diabetic, and had worse SAPS3 and SOFA scores and need for organ support therapies, AKI, and HD. Multinomial logistic regression revealed that hypertension (p = 0.018) and mechanical ventilation (p = 0.002) were associated with AKI; hypertension (p = 0.002), mechanical ventilation (p = 0.008), and use of vasopressor (p = 0.027) to HD patients; and age >65 years (p = 0.03) and AKI (p = 0.04) were risk factors for death.Conclusions: AKI was a common complication of ICU COVID-19 patients, and it was more frequent in patients with hypertension and need of organ support therapies. As well as age >65 years, AKI was an independent risk factor for death.

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The COVID-19 nephrology compendium: AKI, CKD, ESKD and transplantation

Cited by 83 publications

References 97 publications

Kidney transplant dysfunction in a patient with COVID − 19 infection: role of concurrent Sars-Cov 2 nephropathy, chronic rejection and vitamin C-mediated hyperoxalosis: case report

Kidney transplant dysfunction in a patient with COVID − 19 infection: role of concurrent Sars-Cov 2 nephropathy, chronic rejection and vitamin C-mediated hyperoxalosis: case report

Impact of Kidney Failure on the Severity of COVID-19

Acute Kidney Injury Due to COVID-19 in Intensive Care Unit: An Analysis From a Latin-American Center

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