The COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors Index: Development and Validation in Two Samples From the United Kingdom

Breakwell, Glynis M.; Fino, Emanuele; Jaspal, Rusi

doi:10.1177/0163278720983416

Cited by 47 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…COVID-19 preventive behaviors were measured using a questionnaire on hand hygiene, wearing a mask, and distancing. Compared to prior studies that measured similar behaviors in adults ( Breakwell et al, 2021 ; Cvetković et al, 2020 ), this study showed low scores in hand hygiene and distancing, but not wearing masks, confirming the need to improve compliance with COVID-19 preventive behaviors in adolescents. Specifically, it was found that the score was exceptionally low on the item related to distancing (4.15 ± 1.12/3.99 ± 1.14 in previous studies vs. 2.97 ± 1.09 in the current study).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Factors associated with preventive behaviors for COVID-19 among adolescents in South Korea

Park

2022

Journal of Pediatric Nursing

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COVID-19's infection rate among adolescents is increasing; hence, it is important to prevent it as it can spread in the community through transmission in schools. It is crucial to determine the extent to which adolescents follow COVID-19 preventive measures and identify factors relating to such behaviors to implement more effective health education. This study aimed to understand factors related to COVID-19 preventive behaviors using the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the health belief model (HBM) among adolescents in South Korea. Design and methods: A cross-sectional face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted among 272 adolescents in South Korea. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the relationships between perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, intention, and COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Results: Among adolescents' COVID-19 preventive behavior scores, wearing masks was the highest and distancing was the lowest. Adolescents' adherence to COVID-19 preventive behaviors was directly or indirectly associated with their perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and intention. Conclusions: Attention to mitigate social isolation is important to improve compliance with COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and intention explained 61.3% of adolescents' COVID-19 preventive behaviors, there is a need for education to promote relevant factors. Practice implications: To increase adolescent awareness of COVID-19 and increase attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control, nurses need to provide education including the evidence for COVID-19 preventive behavior to increase adolescents' understanding and active implementation of those behaviors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Factors associated with preventive behaviors for COVID-19 among adolescents in South Korea

Park

2022

Journal of Pediatric Nursing

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“…For example, Fear of COVID-19 Scale (Ahorsu et al, 2020 ; Bitan et al, 2020 ; Iversen et al, 2021 ; Magano et al, 2021 ). The COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors Index scale (Breakwell et al, 2021 ), Adolescent Conspiracy Beliefs Questionnaire (ACBQ) (Jolley et al, 2021 ). The Generic Conspiracist Beliefs Scale (GCBS-J) (Majima and Nakamura, 2020 ), Client trust in community health workers scale (CHWs) (Sripad et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Related to COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors: A Structural Equation Model

et al. 2021

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Background: While COVID-19 has rapidly spread around the world, and vaccines are not widely available to the general population, the World Health Organization outlines preventive behavior as the most effective way to limit the rapid spread of the virus. Preventive behavior is associated with a number of factors that both encourage and discourage prevention.Aim: The aim of this research was to study COVID-19 threat appraisal, fear of COVID-19, trust in COVID-19 information sources, COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs and the relationship of socio-demographic variables (gender, age, level of education, place of residence, and employment status) to COVID-19 preventive behavior.Methods: The data originate from a national cross-sectional online survey (N = 2,608) undertaken in July 2020. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.Results: COVID-19 threat appraisal, trust in COVID-19 information sources, and fear of COVID-19 are all significant predictors of COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Together they explain 26.7% of the variance of this variable. COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs significantly negatively predict COVID-19 threat appraisal (R2 = 0.206) and trust in COVID-19 information sources (R2 = 0.190). COVID-19 threat appraisal contributes significantly and directly to the explanation of the fear of COVID-19 (R2 = 0.134). Directly, as well as mediated by COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs, threat appraisal predicts trust in COVID-19 information sources (R2 = 0.190). The relationship between COVID-19 threat appraisal and COVID-19 preventive behaviors is partially mediated by fear of COVID-19 (indirect effect 28.6%) and trust in information sources (15.8%). Socio-demographic variables add very little in prediction of COVID-19 preventive behavior.Conclusions: The study results demonstrate that COVID-19 threat appraisal is the most important factor associated with COVID-19 preventive behavior. Those Latvian residents with higher COVID-19 threat appraisal, experienced higher levels of fear of COVID-19, had more trust in COVID-19 information sources, and were more actively involved in following COVID-19 preventive behaviors. COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs negatively predict COVID-19 threat appraisal and trust in COVID-19 information sources, but not the COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Socio-demographic factors do not play an important role here.

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“…Identity resilience is negatively related to internalized homonegativity and distress upon recall. This suggests that identity resilience may be protective against negative cognitive and affective states, such as internalized homonegativity and distress, which are in turn associated with the onset of identity threat (Breakwell, Fino & Jaspal, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Identity Resilience Index (Breakwell, Fino & Jaspal, 2021) comprising 16 items with responses on a 5-point scale (1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree) was used. Items included "On the whole, I am satisfied with myself" and "There is continuity between my past and present".…”

Section: Identity Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

Coming Out, Distress and Identity Threat in Gay Men in the UK

Breakwell

Jaspal

2021

Sex Res Soc Policy

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Introduction Coming out as gay can be a psychologically challenging event, and recall of a negative coming out experience can initiate subsequent identity changes in gay men. We tested whether baseline levels of identity resilience and internalized homonegativity moderate these effects. Methods A between-participant experimental study, with an ethnically diverse sample of 333 gay men in the United Kingdom (UK), examined levels of contemporaneous identity threat of reflecting upon recollections of either a coming out experience that had a negative or a stabilizing effect on self-schema. Data were collected in 2020 and analyzed using multiple regression and path analysis. Results Path analysis showed that a model predicting level of identity threat after recall of a negative coming out experience fitted the data well. Identity resilience was negatively correlated with internalized homonegativity and distress during memory recall. Both distress and homonegativity correlated positively with identity threat. The relationship between recalling a negative coming out experience and distress was mediated by the perceived typicality of the recalled experience. Conclusions Through its effects on distress and internalized homonegativity, identity resilience reduces the threatening effect of recollecting a negative coming out experience upon contemporary identity. Policy Implications Offering gay men awareness of the social and psychological routes to raising identity resilience may be beneficial in reducing internalized homonegativity and the ongoing effects of remembered negative coming out experiences.

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The COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors Index: Development and Validation in Two Samples From the United Kingdom

Cited by 47 publications

References 44 publications

Factors associated with preventive behaviors for COVID-19 among adolescents in South Korea

Factors associated with preventive behaviors for COVID-19 among adolescents in South Korea

Factors Related to COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors: A Structural Equation Model

Coming Out, Distress and Identity Threat in Gay Men in the UK

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