The crack development on the micro- and mesoscopic scale during the pyrolysis of carbon fibre reinforced plastics to carbon/carbon composites

Schulte-Fischedick, Jan; Seiz, Susanne; Lützenburger, Nicole; Wanner, A.; Voggenreiter, Heinz

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2007.06.013

Cited by 48 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In the general type of CFRP (reinforced with PAN-based or pitch-based fibers), the thickness of CFRP decreased in conjunction with the resin shrinkage. [4][5][6] As shown in Figure 6, the deformation behavior of Material 2 accorded with earlier reports; material shrinkage was observed at temperatures higher than 350°C. However, the deformation behavior of Material 1 shifted from shrinkage to expansion at 500°C.…”

Section: Quasi-static Heating Tests (Qs Tests)supporting

confidence: 90%

“…[4][5][6] In the present study, no defect was observed at temperatures lower than 500°C. Major defects increasing porosity were produced only at temperatures higher than 500°C, due to active pyrolysis reaction.…”

Section: Thermal Degradationsupporting

confidence: 43%

“…The kynol fiber is suitable for the reinforcement of ablation material, because the thermal conductivity and density is lower than those of general carbon fiber (PAN or pitch-based carbon fiber). Although several researchers have reported thermal deformation of CFRPs reinforced with general type of carbon fibers, [4][5][6] deformation of kynol-based carbon fiber-reinforced composites has not been investigated. Resol-type phenolic resin has been applied as the matrix of ablation materials because this resin exhibits low recession due to high char yielding.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of thermal deformations of carbon fiber-reinforced phenolic matrix ablators by arc-plasma wind tunnel heating and quasi-static heating

Kubota

Fukuda

Hatta

et al. 2014

Advanced Composite Materials

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Thermal deformation mechanisms of ablators were elucidated using two types of different pore-size materials under quasi-static heating (QS) conditions. When the material has small pores (Material 1), large expansion in the thickness at temperatures higher than 500°C occurred by buckling of fiber bundles caused by mismatch strain between the fiber and matrix when the matrix shrunk. In contrast, when large pores are included in the matrix (Material 2), the cracking in the matrix relaxed the mismatch strain and suppressed the buckling. Next, the deformation of Material 1 after arc-plasma wind tunnel heating (AP) tests was examined to identify the causes of thermal deformation. In this environment, expansion also occurred. However, in addition to the fiber bundle buckling, delamination leads to larger expansion than that in QS. The temperature generating expansion in AP tests was higher than that in QS tests. This behavior is caused by reaction rate slower than rapid heating rate.

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Section: Quasi-static Heating Tests (Qs Tests)supporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Thermal Degradationsupporting

confidence: 43%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Comparison of thermal deformations of carbon fiber-reinforced phenolic matrix ablators by arc-plasma wind tunnel heating and quasi-static heating

Kubota

Fukuda

Hatta

et al. 2014

Advanced Composite Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This difference in the thermochemical shrinkage between the matrix resin and the reinforcing fiber leads to the development of crack pattern. 10) It is easily predictable that, as the difference in shrinkage increases, more cracks appear; however, Figs. 3 and 4 demonstrate otherwise.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Although some efforts have been made to understand the pyrolysis, only few studies have attempted to elucidate the siliconization of carbon/carbon preforms. J. Schulte-Fischedick 10) studied the development of the crack pattern and determined that it was affected by the shrinkage of the resin during thermal treatment. Bulau 11) observed the development of cracks during pyrolysis using an acoustic emission method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The carbon black effect on crack formation during pyrolysis step in liquid silicon infiltration process for Cf/C-SiC composites

Kim

Woo

Han

et al. 2010

J. Ceram. Soc. Japan

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The formation of crack patterns during the pyrolysis step, which converts the carbon fiber-reinforced plastic composite (CFRP) to a C f /C composite as one step in the liquid silicon infiltration (LSI) process, was investigated. Generally, cracks occur as a result of variances in thermal shrinkage between the matrix and the fiber during pyrolysis. The addition of carbon black powder as a filler resulted in a reduction in the shrinkage, but more cracks were formed. The transversal crack increased, and the partial delamination was newly occurred as the filler was increased. The properties of the matrices also changed; the fracture toughness decreased, and the void area increased. Consequently, the crack formation occurs not only by the thermal shrinkage difference between fiber and matrix but also the effect of matrix fracture toughness or void content. The flexural strength of LSI-processed samples was also measured, and the filler improved the mechanical strength but reduced its reliability.

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Mechanical and Microstructural Characterization of C/C‐SiC Manufactured via Triaxial and Biaxial Braided Fiber Preforms

Breede

Frieß

Jemmali

et al. 2012

Mechanical Properties and Performance of Engineering Ceramics and Composites VII

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The crack development on the micro- and mesoscopic scale during the pyrolysis of carbon fibre reinforced plastics to carbon/carbon composites

Cited by 48 publications

References 16 publications

Comparison of thermal deformations of carbon fiber-reinforced phenolic matrix ablators by arc-plasma wind tunnel heating and quasi-static heating

Comparison of thermal deformations of carbon fiber-reinforced phenolic matrix ablators by arc-plasma wind tunnel heating and quasi-static heating

The carbon black effect on crack formation during pyrolysis step in liquid silicon infiltration process for Cf/C-SiC composites

Mechanical and Microstructural Characterization of C/C‐SiC Manufactured via Triaxial and Biaxial Braided Fiber Preforms

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