The CRISM investigation in Mars orbit: Overview, history, and delivered data products

Seelos, F. P.; Seelos, K. D.; Murchie, S. L.; Novak, M. Alexandra Matiella; Hash, C.; Morgan, M. F.; Arvidson, R. E.; Aiello, John; Bibring, Jean‐Pierre; Bishop, J. L.; Boldt, J.; Boyd, Ariana R.; Buczkowski, D. L.; Chen, Patrick Y.; Clancy, R. T.; Ehlmann, B. L.; Frizzell, K. R.; Hancock, Katie M.; Hayes, J. R.; Heffernan, K. J.; Humm, D. C.; Itoh, Yuki; Ju, Maggie; Kochte, M. C.; McGovern, J. A.; McGuire, Patrick C.; Mehta, Nishant L.; Moreland, E. L.; Mustard, John F.; Nair, A. Hari; Núñez, Jorge; O’Sullivan, Joseph A.; Packer, Liam L.; Poffenbarger, Ryan T.; Poulet, F.; Riezzo, Giuseppe; Santo, A.; Smith, M. D.; Stephens, David C.; Toigo, A. D.; Viviano, C. E.; Wolff, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2023.115612

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Four unique CRISM images are available in the central basin (Figure 1a), all of which are ∼18 m/pixel Full Resolution Targeted (FRT) images. The first three CRISM images used were acquired at the most recent calibration and processing level (Mapped Targeted Reduced Data Record [MTRDR], Seelos et al, 2023) from the PDS. CRISM MTRDR images on the PDS have been processed to suppress atmospheric and instrumental effects (Seelos et al, 2016(Seelos et al, , 2023, but still require ratioing with spectrally neutral terrains to suppress the effects of surface and atmospheric dust and thus bring out subtle spectral features.…”

Section: Spectral Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first three CRISM images used were acquired at the most recent calibration and processing level (Mapped Targeted Reduced Data Record [MTRDR], Seelos et al, 2023) from the PDS. CRISM MTRDR images on the PDS have been processed to suppress atmospheric and instrumental effects (Seelos et al, 2016(Seelos et al, , 2023, but still require ratioing with spectrally neutral terrains to suppress the effects of surface and atmospheric dust and thus bring out subtle spectral features. These images are useful relative to the previous TRR3 calibration-level images because most column-dependent variability has been suppressed (Seelos et al, 2023).…”

Section: Spectral Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CRISM MTRDR images on the PDS have been processed to suppress atmospheric and instrumental effects (Seelos et al, 2016(Seelos et al, , 2023, but still require ratioing with spectrally neutral terrains to suppress the effects of surface and atmospheric dust and thus bring out subtle spectral features. These images are useful relative to the previous TRR3 calibration-level images because most column-dependent variability has been suppressed (Seelos et al, 2023). This allows for the spectrally neutral reference terrain used to create ratio spectra to be anywhere within the image and not needing to be within the same detector column (e.g., Horgan et al, 2020;Viviano-Beck et al, 2014).…”

Section: Spectral Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Silica‐Bearing Mounds and Strata in the Southwest Melas Basin, Valles Marineris, Mars: Evidence for a Hydrothermal Origin

Rogers,

Qualizza,

Heidenreich

et al. 2023

JGR Planets

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A small basin on the Southwest (SW) margin of Melas Chasma in Valles Marineris, Mars, hosts a variety of previously identified sedimentary fans and layered strata hypothesized to have been formed by one or more paleolakes. This basin also contains light‐toned layered mounds that have distinct spectral absorption bands consistent with amorphous hydrated silica (e.g., opal). While the general morphology and mineralogy of these features and the basin itself have been previously characterized, the formation mechanism of the hydrated silica features and their temporal relationships with the proposed paleolake remain to be determined. We use Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars visible through short‐wave infrared reflectance spectra (0.35–2.65 μm) and High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment digital terrain models and images to analyze the stratigraphic location and morphology of the opaline silica‐bearing features in the SW Melas basin. We find that the basin hosts fourteen high‐relief “mounds,” eight low‐relief “patches,” and two extended layers within the sedimentary strata that are light‐toned, fractured, and often exhibit hydrated silica‐like spectral signatures. We hypothesize that the mounds are spring deposits formed by sub‐aerial hydrothermal activity, while the patches and layers correspond to sub‐lacustrine hydrothermal activity. The varied elevations of the mounds and patches indicate at least one fluctuation of lake level in the basin during its history. The combination of contemporaneous hydrothermal and lacustrine activity to form silica‐cemented sedimentary deposits in a nutrient‐rich subaqueous environment would have been conducive to forming and preserving biosignatures in the SW Melas basin.

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Section: Spectral Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spectral Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spectral Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Silica‐Bearing Mounds and Strata in the Southwest Melas Basin, Valles Marineris, Mars: Evidence for a Hydrothermal Origin

Rogers,

Qualizza,

Heidenreich

et al. 2023

JGR Planets

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show abstract

“…CRISM Targeted Reduced Data Records (TRDRs, Version 3) used in this study are publicly available via the Geosciences Node of the Planetary Data System (Murchie, 2006;Seelos et al, 2023). The derived CRISM endmember spectral library and classified maps are available via a Zenodo repository (Cartwright, 2023).…”

Section: Data Availability Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These data trade larger areas (10 × 500+ km) for more limited spatial and spectral sampling (90 or 180 m/pixel, 55 or 154 SWIR bands). These qualities enable CRISM mapping data to be compiled into mosaics that show spectral variation at regional scales (Seelos et al., 2023; Viviano et al., 2020), which in turn makes it possible to fill gaps in understanding left by previous compositional maps.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Variation of Mars South Polar Ice Composition From Spectral Endmember Classification of CRISM Mapping Data

Cartwright,

Calvin,

Seelos

et al. 2023

JGR Planets

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Multispectral mapping data from the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) provide a unique opportunity to characterize south polar ice deposits at higher spectral sampling, spatial resolution, or spatiotemporal coverage than previous work. This new perspective can help constrain the nature and distribution of different mixtures of CO2 ice, H2O ice, and dust that influence the formation, evolution, and preservation of Mars climate records. We processed 1,103 CRISM observations spanning the southern summer of six Mars Years (MYs) through a combination of k‐means clustering and random forest classification. Using a set of 12 spectral endmembers directly tied to previous work with high‐resolution CRISM targeted data, we made a series of temporally restricted mosaics showing surface spectral variation over time. The mosaics show the effects of the MY 28 dust storm on the removal of the seasonal CO2 ice cap that year and reveal how this process differed from the years that followed. A mosaic showing residual ice surfaces displays broad agreement with previous compositional maps while resolving new details in the distribution of H2O ice‐rich material around the periphery of the bright CO2 ice cap. By showing how surface composition varies across a broad swath of the south polar region through time, the endmember set and classified mosaics produced in this work can provide critical context for future studies of the dynamic processes that shape south polar ice deposits.

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A first look at CRISM hyperspectral mapping mosaicked data: Results from Mawrth Vallis

Phillips

Murchie

Seelos

et al. 2024

Icarus

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The CRISM investigation in Mars orbit: Overview, history, and delivered data products

Cited by 16 publications

References 58 publications

Silica‐Bearing Mounds and Strata in the Southwest Melas Basin, Valles Marineris, Mars: Evidence for a Hydrothermal Origin

Silica‐Bearing Mounds and Strata in the Southwest Melas Basin, Valles Marineris, Mars: Evidence for a Hydrothermal Origin

Spatial and Temporal Variation of Mars South Polar Ice Composition From Spectral Endmember Classification of CRISM Mapping Data

A first look at CRISM hyperspectral mapping mosaicked data: Results from Mawrth Vallis

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