The Critical Height of a Liquid Being Drained from the Tank with Bell-Mouth Drain Port

Mohammadi, J.; Karimi, Hossein; Islami, Mutiara; Hamedi, Mohammad-Hossein

doi:10.1155/2012/347389

Cited by 3 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Moreover, the critical height of 35 mm for 8 l/s, obtained by Mohammadi et al, 25 is not realistic, since 35 mm is lower than siphon height of 38 mm and liquid surface is exposed below 38 mm, which is not a valid result. This large deviation of analytical results 25 from their own experimental data is studied. The height “ h ” of the siphon position above the tank bottom is not included in the analytical model, 25 whereas the model presented in this paper for “critical height of siphon drain in spherical bottom tank” considers this height as “ h ”.…”

Section: Comparison Of Present Results With Reported Experimental And...mentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Mohammadi et al 25 reported experimental data and an analytical model for siphon drain in spherical bottom tanks. For the purpose of comparison, the analytical method developed for “siphon drain from spherical bottom tank” is applied for the same geometry reported by Mohammadi et al 25 The geometrical parameters are h = 0.038 m (26 mm + 12 mm); a = 0.155 m; R =1 m; Q = 8, 10, 14, 18, 21 lit/s (approx.).…”

Section: Comparison Of Present Results With Reported Experimental And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is the reason for the use of spherical bottom tanks in liquid rocket systems. 25,26 Tandem mounted tanks take the liquid supply line radially outward using a siphon. Analysis to evaluate critical height in siphon drain or spherical bottom tanks is rarely reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mohammadi et al 25 reported the first study on critical height of siphon drain from a spherical bottom tank. They obtained an analytical solution for critical height adopting the siphon size and tank geometry employed in the model of Lubin and Springer, 1 for six water flow rates from 8 to 26 l/s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Analytical models for critical heights of vortexing in flat and spherical bottom tanks with siphon and bottom drains

Nageswaran,

Prabhu,

et al. 2023

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G:

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Critical height or critical submergence is liquid level at which air-core vortex extends from the free surface into drain hole when a liquid is drained from a container/tank. Extensive analytical and experimental studies have been reported on critical height of bath tub vortex, for liquid draining downward from flat bottom propellant tanks. Rockets making use of liquid propellants mostly employ spherical bottom propellant tanks as well as siphon or upward drain flow. Keeping in view of such practical applications, analytical models are developed for critical height, considering the effects of siphon drain and the shape of tank bottom. Additional design parameters influencing the behavior for each case are identified. Appropriate governing equations and a solution methodology are developed pertinent to the system considered, to predict the critical height for siphon drain and spherical bottom tank independently as well as for both combined. The results indicate that the critical height for spherical bottom tank is higher than for flat bottom tank, due to higher local flow velocity. Siphon geometry can be designed for critical height much less than normal drain from flat bottom tank. These observations are in accordance with the results published in the literature. This paper reports the analytical models and solution methodology to predict the critical height for vortexing for normal draining from spherical tank bottom, siphon draining from both flat and spherical bottom tanks.

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Section: Comparison Of Present Results With Reported Experimental And...mentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Comparison Of Present Results With Reported Experimental And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Analytical models for critical heights of vortexing in flat and spherical bottom tanks with siphon and bottom drains

Nageswaran,

Prabhu,

et al. 2023

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G:

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show abstract

“…At large value of the angular velocity ratio, bubble ceases to exist. Mohammadi et al (2012) have studied vortex formation employing bell-mouthed drain-port situated at center of the bottom of the test tank along the cylinder longitudinal axis. Authors proposed introduction of multiple suppressor plates under the bell-mouth drain port to prevent vortex formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rankine Vortex Formation during Draining: A New Twin Port Suppression Strategy

Prabhu

Kumar

Gopikrishnan

et al. 2020

JAFM

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This paper reveals the results of a study of vortex air core formation (Rankine vortex) when a rotated liquid (water) column in a cylindrical vessel is drained through two ports located at equal eccentricity (e) at the vessel base (diameter, 1 and 2) simultaneously; 1 is fixed whereas 2 is varied. Just before draining, a rotation (n rpm) is provided to the liquid column in controlled conditions. As draining progresses, when the liquid level reaches certain height called critical height (ℎ), initially a surface dip forms which further develops in to a vortex extending down till the drain port. Results show that critical height increases as the fluid rotation rate increases at the lowest eccentricity. But, at higher eccentricities, ℎ , exhibits more or less an increasingdecreasing trend in most of the cases studied. Critical height is observed to be minimum for the largest value of 2 (equal to 1) irrespective of the values of the speed of fluid rotation, liquid initial height and port eccentricity. To particularly note, at the highest eccentricity, vortex formation is found to be completely suppressed for all values of port diameter (2) and initial fluid rotation (n) as indicated by the near-zero critical height values. The tangential velocity measurements using Particle Image Velocimetry are also reported. PIV results obtained for certain cases with induced fluid rotation (normal draining and faster draining) correlate well with the changes in the efflux (axial) velocity (deduced analytically) in these cases studied. The tangential velocity along radial direction obtained (PIV) also indicated the type of vortex formed in normal and faster draining cases. Video visualization of vortex formation carried out reveals that, vortex air core switching takes place between the drain ports maintaining an arched or curvilinear surface profile apart from demonstrating the nature of outlet flow discharge. All the vortex air core formation studies so far carried out were invariably with single drain port except the preliminary novel study by the same author group and the present study is a detailed extension of that novel study.

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Effect of nozzle clogging on vortexing during continuous casting processes: results of an experimental simulation

Prabhu,

Ajith Kumar

2024

Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly

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The Critical Height of a Liquid Being Drained from the Tank with Bell-Mouth Drain Port

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Analytical models for critical heights of vortexing in flat and spherical bottom tanks with siphon and bottom drains

Analytical models for critical heights of vortexing in flat and spherical bottom tanks with siphon and bottom drains

Rankine Vortex Formation during Draining: A New Twin Port Suppression Strategy

Effect of nozzle clogging on vortexing during continuous casting processes: results of an experimental simulation

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