The critical role of heterogeneous catalysis in lignocellulosic biomass conversion

Lin, Yu Chuan; Huber, George W.

doi:10.1039/b814955k

Cited by 426 publications

(265 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…The preparation method also plays an important 5 role. While mixed oxides Mg-Al oxides prepared by coprecipitation were found to be unstable in water medium, 103 a similar synthesis but involving hydrothermal microwave treatment and an activation step with Ca(OH) 2 showed low leaching and better stability. 97 .…”

Section: Coping With the Leachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[26][27][28] Recently, this problem has been adressed in the developement of new liquid processes in biorefineries. 2,29,30 The number of scientific articles related to catalysis in liquid phase has increased significantly and so, a tutorial reviewision of the main types of deactivation of catalysts 10 field appears to be of interest, especially for those not familiarized with the handling of catalyst in liquid phase reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Biomass feedstocks have in general low thermal stability, and 30 therefore they are difficult to process in gas phase. 2 Water is the preferred option for a solvent, 3 but organic polar solvents, 4 as well asor even ionic liquids [5][6][7] have been employed in a great number of recent research studieses. Some examples of these liquid-phase reactions can be found in the catalytic 35 transformation of the lignocellulosic biomass to chemicals and fuels, [8][9][10] including the hydrolysis of cellulose, 11,12 dehydration of carbohydrates 13,14 and the subsequent transformation of the platform molecules to value-added chemicals and fuels 15,16 or lignin depolymerization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deactivation of solid catalysts in liquid media: the case of leaching of active sites in biomass conversion reactions

et al. 2015

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Section: Coping With the Leachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deactivation of solid catalysts in liquid media: the case of leaching of active sites in biomass conversion reactions

et al. 2015

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] However, practical applications require an integrated approach to maximize atom and electron economy in extracting the energy and material contained therein. Lignocellulose is about 70-80% carbohydrates, with the balance largely being lignin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping reactivities of aromatic models with a lignin disassembly catalyst. Steps toward controlling product selectivity

Bernt

Bottari

Barrett

et al. 2016

Catal. Sci. Technol.

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a Copper-doped porous metal oxides catalyze the one-pot disassembly of biomass-derived lignin via C-O bond hydrogenolysis and hydrodeoxygenation in supercritical methanol. This catalytic system cleanly converts lignin as well as lignocellulose composites, such as sawdust, to organic liquids with little or no formation of intractable tars or chars. However, this catalyst based on Earth-abundant components also catalyzes less desirable aromatic ring hydrogenations and various methylations that contribute to the diversity of products. In this context, we undertook a quantitative experimental and computational evaluation of model reactions relevant to the reductive disassembly of lignin by this catalyst system in order to determine quantitatively the rates of desirable and less desirable chemical steps that define the overall product selectivities.Global fitting analysis methods were used to map the temporal evolution of key intermediates and products and to elucidate networks that provide guidelines regarding the eventual fates of reactive intermediates in this catalysis system. Phenolic compounds display multiple reaction pathways, but substrates such as benzene, toluene, and alkyl-and alkoxy-substituted aromatics are considerably more stable under these conditions. These results indicate that modifying this catalytic system in a way that controls and channels the reactivity of phenolic intermediates should improve selectivity toward producing valuable aromatic chemicals from biomass-derived lignin. To this end we demonstrate that the O-methylating agent dimethyl carbonate can intercept the phenol intermediate formed from hydrogenolysis of the model compound benzyl phenyl ether. Trapping the phenol as anisole thus gave much higher selectivity towards aromatic products.

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“…Biomass is regarded as an alternative to fossil fuels for sustainable production of hydrogen [1,2]. However, cellulose, which is the major component of biomass, is restricted to degrade as a result of its robust crystalline structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Ce-modified Raney Ni Catalysts and Their Application in Aqueous-Phase Reforming of Cellulose

Wen

Wang

et al. 2011

Catal Lett

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A series of Ce-modified Raney Ni (RNi) catalysts were successfully prepared by a simple wet chemical route and employed in aqueous-phase reforming of cellulose. Remarkable enhancement in hydrogen selectivity and yield after the Ce introduction was observed. At 533 K and autogenous pressure, a highest hydrogen yield of 17.8 mmol/g cellulose , which was comparable with that of 5 wt% Pt/AC, could be obtained over Ce-modified catalyst at a Ce:Ni ratio of 0.054. The catalysts were characterized by N 2 adsorption/desorption, XRD, SEM, XPS and H 2 -TPD. It was found that cerium existed at the surface of the catalyst as Ce(OH) 3 , and more defects were generated during Ce modification. Based on the characterization and catalytic performance, it was suggested that the deposited Ce(OH) 3 may transform into reducible CeO 2 under the reaction conditions, thus promoting the desired water-gas shift reaction, leading to more H 2 . On the other hand, the active sites for undesired methanation reaction may be effectively poisoned by Ce modification, thus leading to less undesired methane.

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The critical role of heterogeneous catalysis in lignocellulosic biomass conversion

Cited by 426 publications

References 109 publications

Deactivation of solid catalysts in liquid media: the case of leaching of active sites in biomass conversion reactions

Deactivation of solid catalysts in liquid media: the case of leaching of active sites in biomass conversion reactions

Mapping reactivities of aromatic models with a lignin disassembly catalyst. Steps toward controlling product selectivity

Preparation of Ce-modified Raney Ni Catalysts and Their Application in Aqueous-Phase Reforming of Cellulose

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