The crtE gene in Erwinia herbicola encodes geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase.

Math, Shivanand K.; Hearst, John E.; Poulter, C. Dale

doi:10.1073/pnas.89.15.6761

Cited by 84 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Amino acids which are conserved in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic phytoene synthases are scattered along the peptide sequence. Math et al (1992) and Romer et al (1993) have pointed to two particularly well conserved domains as probably being involved in the catalytic reaction, because of their similarity with two equally spaced domains of the enzyme squalene synthase from yeast (Jennings et al, 1991). This enzyme catalyses a similar reaction to that of phytoene synthase, namely the condensation of two C , , isoprenoid units into C,,, squalene.…”

Section: ---D ---Y C --V a G -V G I ----L ---N -A ---G ---Q -T N mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peptide sequence comparison revealed up to 30% identity and up to 57% similarity, between the amino acid sequence of Orfl and that of the product of the bacterial carotenoid gene crtE (Armstrong et al, 1989;Misawa et al, 1990). Genetic and biochemical analysis has established crtE as the gene for the enzyme geranylgeranyl diphosphate (geranylgeranyl-P,) synthase Math et al, 1992; Fig. 1).…”

Section: Fig 4 Conserved Domains In Geranylgeranyl-p Synthase Enzymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seven crt genes have been assigned to specific biosynthetic steps between geranylgeranyl-P, and the end products of the pathway, the acyclic carotenoids sphaeroidene and sphaeroidenone (Armstrong et al, 1989(Armstrong et al, , 1990bMath et al, 1992). Cognate genes from two Erwinia species (E. uredevora and E. herhicolu) have also been cloned.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Cluster of Structural and Regulatory Genes for Light‐Induced Carotenogenesis in Myxococcus xanthus

Botella

Murillo

Ruiz‐Vázquez

1995

European Journal of Biochemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the bacterium Myxococcus xanthus, several genes for carotenoid synthesis lie together at the carAcarB chromosomal locus and are co-ordinately activated by blue light. A 12-kb DNA stretch from wildtype M. xanthus has been sequenced that includes the entire carA-carB gene cluster. According to sequence analysis, the cluster contains 11 different genes. Intergenic distances are very short or nil (implying translational coupling), giving further support to previous evidence indicating that most (or all) of the genes in the cluster form a single operon. At the promoter region, a potential -35 site for the binding of ~7 factors is found. However, the -10 region shows little similarity with analogous sites in other bacterial promoters. Five (possibly six) genes in the curA-curB operon code for enzymes acting on early or late steps of the pathway for carotenoid synthesis. Other genes in the operon show no overall similarity with previously known genes. However, peptide stretches in the predicted products of two genes exhibit strong similarity with the DNA binding domain of the MerR family of transcriptional regulators. At least one of the predicted DNA-binding domains is altered in a mutant strain affected in light-regulation of the car genes.

show abstract

Section: ---D ---Y C --V a G -V G I ----L ---N -A ---G ---Q -T N mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fig 4 Conserved Domains In Geranylgeranyl-p Synthase Enzymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Cluster of Structural and Regulatory Genes for Light‐Induced Carotenogenesis in Myxococcus xanthus

Botella

Murillo

Ruiz‐Vázquez

1995

European Journal of Biochemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…When expressed in an appropriate microbial host, this cluster directs synthesis of the yellow carotenoid derivative zeaxanthin-b-D-diglucoside. A gene encoding GGPPS, crtE (Misawa et al, 1990;Math et al, 1992), ensures the supply of GGPP, the direct precursor of carotenoids. In the absence of crtE, carotenoid accumulation is greatly reduced and colonies are colorless (Misawa et al, 1990;Hirschberg et al, 1997;Oh et al, 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A valuable reporter system is the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway that converts isoprenoid precursors to easily detected colored products (Cunningham et al, 1993;Gallagher et al, 2003). Several bacterial groups, including Erwinia and Rhodobacter (Armstrong et al, 1990;Misawa et al, 1990;Math et al, 1992), and fungi such as Neurospora crassa (Carattoli et al, 1991;Sandmann et al, 1993) possess a gene cluster, crt, that makes them capable of synthesizing carotenoids. There are six genes in the Erwinia uredovora cluster and most of the encoded enzymes ( Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Maize cDNAs Expressed in Endosperm Encode Functional Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase with Geranylgeranyl Diphosphate Synthase Activity

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Isoprenoids are the most diverse and abundant group of natural products. In plants, farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) and geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) are precursors to many isoprenoids having essential functions. Terpenoids and sterols are derived from FPP, whereas gibberellins, carotenoids, casbenes, taxenes, and others originate from GGPP. The corresponding synthases (FPP synthase [FPPS] and GGPP synthase [GGPPS]) catalyze, respectively, the addition of two and three isopentenyl diphosphate molecules to dimethylallyl diphosphate. Maize (Zea mays L. cv B73) endosperm cDNAs encoding isoprenoid synthases were isolated by functional complementation of Escherichia coli cells carrying a bacterial gene cluster encoding all pathway enzymes needed for carotenoid biosynthesis, except for GGPPS. This approach indicated that the maize gene products were functional GGPPS enzymes. Yet, the predicted enzyme sequences revealed FPPS motifs and homology with FPPS enzymes. In vitro assays demonstrated that indeed these maize enzymes produced both FPP and GGPP and that the N-terminal sequence affected the ratio of FPP to GGPP. Their functionality in E. coli demonstrated that these maize enzymes can be coupled with a metabolon to provide isoprenoid substrates for pathway use, and suggests that enzyme bifunctionality can be harnessed. The maize cDNAs are encoded by a small gene family whose transcripts are prevalent in endosperm beginning mid development. These maize cDNAs will be valuable tools for assessing the critical structural properties determining prenyl transferase specificity and in metabolic engineering of isoprenoid pathways, especially in cereal crops.

show abstract

Vitamin E

Bramley

Elmadfa

Kafatos

et al. 2000

J. Sci. Food Agric.

488

219

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There is a growing body of evidence to suggest that the dietary intakes of vitamin E are insufficient to protect against the long‐term health risks associated with oxidative stress. Traditional plant breeding and food processing technologies have not concerned themselves with maximising the levels of the tocopherols in the diet, and supplementation is necessary both for nutritive reasons and for the protection of fat‐rich foods against oxidative rancidity. The paper reviews the potential for improving the tocopherol levels in the diet, particularly α‐tocopherol. Genetic technologies have already demonstrated the potential to enhance tocopherol levels by up‐regulation of the final steps in the biosynthetic pathway. Other strategies for the enhancement of the vitamin E content of plant foods are considered both from the perspective of improved bioavailability and the levels in processed foods. Finally some priorities for future research in the field are described. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry

show abstract

The crtE gene in Erwinia herbicola encodes geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase.

Cited by 84 publications

References 26 publications

A Cluster of Structural and Regulatory Genes for Light‐Induced Carotenogenesis in Myxococcus xanthus

A Cluster of Structural and Regulatory Genes for Light‐Induced Carotenogenesis in Myxococcus xanthus

Maize cDNAs Expressed in Endosperm Encode Functional Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase with Geranylgeranyl Diphosphate Synthase Activity

Vitamin E

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About