The crystal structure of sodium chloride dihydrate

Klewe, Bernt; Pedersen, B.

doi:10.1107/s0567740874007138

Cited by 60 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Very similar layers were observed in the monoclinic structures of NaCl·2H 2 O [22] and NaBr·2H 2 O. [23] The volume of the NaX·2H 2 O formulae units (V f.u. )…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Structure and Properties of NaBH₄·2H₂O and NaBH₄

2008

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NaBH 4 ·2H 2 O and NaBH 4 were studied by single-crystal Xray diffraction and vibrational spectroscopy. In NaBH 4 ·2H 2 O, the BH 4 -anion has a nearly ideal tetrahedral geometry and is bridged with two Na + ions through the tetrahedral edges. The structure does not contain classical hydrogen bonds, but reveals strong dihydrogen bonds of 1.77-1.95 Å. Crystal structures and vibrational spectra of NaBr·2H 2 O and

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“…Very similar layers were observed in the monoclinic structures of NaCl·2H 2 O [22] and NaBr·2H 2 O. [23] The volume of the NaX·2H 2 O formulae units (V f.u. )…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Structure and Properties of NaBH₄·2H₂O and NaBH₄

2008

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“…At about 185 K the amorphous NaClÁ10.2D 2 O solution dissociates into pure hexagonal ice and sodium chloride dideuterate. 23 This behaviour mirrors that of lithium chloride solutions, as discussed in Elarby-Aouizerat et al…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…21,22 Up to now NaCl di-hydrate is the only known solid compound formed by the NaCl and H 2 O system. 23 No phase transition in the solid state has been detected, in contrast to the LiCl and H 2 O system where several hydrates are formed, depending on the salt concentration and pressure conditions. The essential building blocks of the NaClÁ2H 2 O structure are the octahedra about each sodium ion and the tetrahedra about each water molecule.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural characterization of eutectic aqueous NaCl solutions under variable temperature and pressure conditions

Ludl

Bove

Saitta

et al. 2015

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Structural characterization of eutectic aqueous NaCl solutions under variable temperature and pressure conditions †The structure of amorphous NaCl solutions produced by fast quenching is studied as a function of pressure, up to 4 GPa, by combined neutron diffraction experiments and classical molecular dynamics simulations. Similarly to LiCl solutions the system amorphizes at ambient pressure in a dense phase structurally similar to the e-HDA phase in pure water. The measurement of the static structure factor as a function of pressure allowed us to validate a new polarizable force field developed by Tazi et al., 2012, never tested under non-ambient conditions.We infer from simulations that the hydration shells of Na + cations form well defined octahedra composed of both H 2 O molecules and Cl À anions at low pressure. These octahedra are gradually broken by the seventh neighbour moving into the shell of first neighbours yielding an irregular geometry. In contrast to LiCl solutions and pure water, the system does not show a polyamorphic transition under pressure. This confirms that the existence of polyamorphism relies on the tetrahedral structure of water molecules, which is broken here.

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“…Apparently, the observed morphology of the residual NaCl dihydrate particles does not reflect the monoclinic crystal structure of NaCl dihydrate. 39 We suggest that the supersaturated NaCl solution droplets effloresced into polycrystalline NaCl dihydrate particles while maintaining the envelope shape of the droplet (as can be perceived in the shadow image in Fig. 2, panel F).…”

Section: A Shape Of Nacl and Nacl·2h 2 O Residual Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature-dependent formation of NaCl dihydrate in levitated NaCl and sea salt aerosol particles

Peckhaus¹,

Kiselev²,

Wagner³

et al. 2016

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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Recent laboratory studies indicate that the hydrated form of crystalline NaCl is potentially important for atmospheric processes involving depositional ice nucleation on NaCl dihydrate particles under cirrus cloud conditions. However, recent experimental studies reported a strong discrepancy between the temperature intervals where the efflorescence of NaCl dihydrate has been observed. Here we report the measurements of the volume specific nucleation rate of crystalline NaCl in the aqueous solution droplets of pure NaCl suspended in an electrodynamic balance at constant temperature and humidity in the range from 250 K to 241 K. Based on these measurements, we derive the interfacial energy of crystalline NaCl dihydrate in a supersaturated NaCl solution and determined its temperature dependence. Taking into account both temperature and concentration dependence of nucleation rate coefficients, we explain the difference in the observed fractions of NaCl dihydrate reported in the previous studies. Applying the heterogeneous classical nucleation theory model, we have been able to reproduce the 5 K shift of the NaCl dihydrate efflorescence curve observed for the sea salt aerosol particles, assuming the presence of super-micron solid inclusions (hypothetically gypsum or hemihydrate of CaSO 4 ). These results support the notion that the phase transitions in microscopic droplets of supersaturated solution should be interpreted by accounting for the stochastic nature of homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation and cannot be understood on the ground of bulk phase diagrams alone.

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The crystal structure of sodium chloride dihydrate

Cited by 60 publications

References 8 publications

Structure and Properties of NaBH₄·2H₂O and NaBH₄

Structure and Properties of NaBH₄·2H₂O and NaBH₄

Structural characterization of eutectic aqueous NaCl solutions under variable temperature and pressure conditions

Temperature-dependent formation of NaCl dihydrate in levitated NaCl and sea salt aerosol particles

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The crystal structure of sodium chloride dihydrate

Cited by 60 publications

References 8 publications

Structure and Properties of NaBH4·2H2O and NaBH4

Structure and Properties of NaBH4·2H2O and NaBH4

Structural characterization of eutectic aqueous NaCl solutions under variable temperature and pressure conditions

Temperature-dependent formation of NaCl dihydrate in levitated NaCl and sea salt aerosol particles

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Product

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Structure and Properties of NaBH₄·2H₂O and NaBH₄

Structure and Properties of NaBH₄·2H₂O and NaBH₄