The crystalline composition of normal equine urine deposits

Mair, T. S.; Osborn, R S

doi:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1990.tb04292.x

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Theoretically, the urine of healthy horses is an ideal medium for calculus formation (having a substantial quantity of mucoprotein, a high concentration of minerals, insoluble sabulous material and alkalinity). We could expect, therefore, that there would be a high prevalence of urolithiasis in the horse, which is clearly not the case (Johnson and Crenshaw 1990;Mair and Osborn 1990;Crabbe et al 1991;Mair and Holt 1994).…”

Section: Ae T Iologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Urolithiasis is one of the most common urinary disorders in the equine species, although most authors consider it an occasional problem (Diaz-Espineira et al 1995). In all animals it may affect any part of the urinary tract but in horses the bladder is the most commonly affected site (Debowes 1988; Johnson and Crenshaw 1990; Mair and Osborn 1990;Divers 1992; Mair and Holt 1994;Van Dongen and Plenderleith 1994;Davis 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aetiology of urinary calculi (UC) in horses is still obscure (Mair and Osborn 1990). There are 2 major types of urocystoliths that occur in horses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cystic urolithiasis in horses

Jaeger¹,

Keersmaecker²,

Hannes³

2000

Equine Veterinary Education

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Section: Ae T Iologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cystic urolithiasis in horses

Jaeger¹,

Keersmaecker²,

Hannes³

2000

Equine Veterinary Education

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“…). Under normal conditions, horses excrete large amounts of calcium carbonate in their urine (Mair and Osborn ). This combined with the alkaline nature of their urine contributes to the formation of two different types of uroliths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calculi can be located anywhere along the urinary tract but are most commonly located within the urinary bladder (Laverty et al 1992). Under normal conditions, horses excrete large amounts of calcium carbonate in their urine (Mair and Osborn 1990). This combined with the alkaline nature of their urine contributes to the formation of two different types of uroliths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of pneumatic impact lithotripsy and a retrieval pouch to create a closed system for removal of cystic calculi in standing male horses

Bernardis

Seabaugh

Ismay

et al. 2017

Equine Veterinary Education

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Summary Multiple techniques exist for removal of cystic calculi in the male horse, some of which use a perineal urethrotomy (PU) to facilitate access to the urinary bladder for removal of small uroliths in the standing, sedated horse. These techniques have limited efficacy in the removal of uroliths that have a diameter larger than the PU site, typically 4–5 cm. Pneumatic lithotripsy as reported in this article provides a novel way to fragment these larger uroliths while containing the fragments and protecting the urethra and urinary bladder. Ten geldings and one stallion underwent a lithotripsy procedure to remove one (n = 10) or several (n = 1) uroliths ranging in diameter from 4 to 9 cm. A PU was performed and a laparoscopic retrieval bag was inserted into the urinary bladder through the PU site. The urolith was manipulated into the bag using blind transrectal manipulation or endoscopic guidance and the opening of the bag was exteriorised out of the PU site. A pneumatic lithotrite was used to fragment the stone. When the urolith was adequately fragmented, the fragments were removed by the use of sponge forceps and by flushing the fragments from the bag with obstetrical lube. This was continued until the bag could smoothly be withdrawn from the urinary bladder. All uroliths were successfully removed. The PU sites healed without complication and none of the horses had recurrence of presenting clinical signs. This article also discusses the difference between two types of laparoscopic retrieval bags. Pneumatic impact lithotripsy in combination with a retrieval pouch offers a safe alternative to other methods for removal of cystic calculi in the horse.

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Infrared and Raman spectroscopy of urinary calculi: A review

1997

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The application of infrared and Raman spectroscopic techniques to the analysis of urinary calculi is reviewed and their relative efficiency and adaptability to routine analysis are discussed. Using the classification of urinary calculi based on their main constituents, infrared and Raman spectra of calcium oxalates, phosphates, uric acid, urates, and cystine are reported. Some characteristic bands are suggested as useful for analytical purposes. References to other constituents such as drugs are included. Although this review is aimed principally at human stones, it also extends to literature references dealing with urinary calculi from canine, feline, and equine animal species. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospectroscopy 3: 331–346, 1997

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The crystalline composition of normal equine urine deposits

Cited by 22 publications

References 9 publications

Cystic urolithiasis in horses

Cystic urolithiasis in horses

The use of pneumatic impact lithotripsy and a retrieval pouch to create a closed system for removal of cystic calculi in standing male horses

Infrared and Raman spectroscopy of urinary calculi: A review

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