The Csajág mammoths (Mammuthus primigenius): Late Pleniglacial finds from Hungary and their chronological significance

Katona, Lajos Tamás; Kovács, János; Kordos, László; Szappanos, Bálint; Linkai, Isván

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2011.01.048

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Fig. 8 ), the 2σ calibrated age ranges using Intcal20 35 showed that the youngest woolly mammoth was from Csajág 36 , dated to 16,180 (15,830–16,010) cal BP. There are eight bones dated to < 20 ka, nine between 20 and 30 ka, and twenty beyond 30 ka cal BP.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Mammal extinction facilitated biome shift and human population change during the last glacial termination in East-Central Europe

Magyari

Gasparik

Major

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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The study of local extinction times, together with the associated environmental and human population changes in the last glacial termination, provides insights into the causes of mega- and microfauna extinctions. In East-Central (EC) Europe, groups of Palaeolithic humans were present throughout the last glacial maximum, but disappeared suddenly around 15,200 cal BP. In this study cave sediment profiles dated using radiocarbon techniques and a large set of mammal bones dated directly by AMS 14C were used to determine local extinction times. These were, in turn, compared to changes in the total megafauna population of EC Europe derived from coprophilous fungi, the Epigravettian population decline, quantitative climate models, pollen and plant macrofossil inferred climate, as well as to biome reconstructions. The results suggest that the population size of large herbivores decreased in the area after 17,700 cal BP, when temperate tree abundance and warm continental steppe cover both increased in the lowlands. Boreal forest expansion started around 16,200 cal BP. Cave sediments show the decline of narrow-headed vole and arctic lemming populations specifically associated with a tundra environment at the same time and the expansion of the common vole, an inhabitant of steppes. The last dated appearance of arctic lemming was at ~ 16,640 cal BP, while that of the narrow-headed vole at ~ 13,340, and the estimated extinction time of woolly mammoth was either at 13,830 (GRIWM) or 15,210 (PHASE), and reindeer at 11,860 (GRIWM) or 12,550 cal BP (PHASE). The population decline of the large herbivore fauna slightly preceded changes in terrestrial vegetation, and likely facilitated it via a reduction in the intensity of grazing and the concomitant accumulation of plant biomass. Furthermore, it is possible to conclude that the Late Epigravettian population had high degree of quarry-fidelity; they left the basin when these mammals vanished.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Mammal extinction facilitated biome shift and human population change during the last glacial termination in East-Central Europe

Magyari

Gasparik

Major

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Lack of direct dating on so many finds might lead to incorrect interpretations of the distribution of mammoths in time and space, especially in areas south of the Carpathians, Alps, and Pyrenees. For example, ~400 remains of Mammuthus , including six almost complete skeletons, have been recovered in the Pannonian Basin from MIS 2 and MIS 3 contexts, but among these, only three specimens were directly dated in Hungary (Konrád et al, 2010; Katona et al, 2012).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of climate and humans on the range dynamics of the woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) in Europe during MIS 2

et al. 2018

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The woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) was widespread in almost all of Europe during the late Pleistocene. However, its distribution changed because of population fluctuations and range expansions and reductions. During Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 2 (MIS 2), these processes were highly dynamic. Our analyses of 318 radiocarbon dates from 162 localities, obtained directly from mammoth material, confirmed important changes in mammoth range between ~28.6 and ~14.1 ka. The Greenland stadial 3 interval (27.5–23.3 ka) was the time of maximum expansion of the mammoth in Europe during MIS 2. The continuous range was soon fragmented and reduced, resulting in the disappearance of Mammuthus during the last glacial maximum from ~21.4 to ~19.2 ka in all parts of the North European Plain. It is not clear whether mammoths survived in the East European Plain. The mammoth returned to Europe soon after ~19.0 ka, and for the next 3–4 millennia played an important role in the lifeways of Epigravettian societies in eastern Europe. Mammoths became extinct in most of Europe by ~14.0 ka, except for core areas such as the far northeast of Europe, where they survived until the beginning of the Holocene. No significant correlation was found between the distribution of the mammoth in Europe and human activity.

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“…The cold-adapted large mammals, also knows as Mamuthus-Coeleodonta faunal complex (Kahlke, 2013;Kahlke et al, 2011) which were common in a wide area of Eurasia during the Pleistocene also existed in the Carpathian Basin (Kovács, 2012). However, the most of large mammal fossils in this region were discovered at Late Pleistocene deposits (Marković et al, 2005(Marković et al, , 2006Kovács, 2012;Katona et al, 2012).…”

Section: Importance Of Paleontological Findings At Nosak Loess-paleos...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Palaeoenvironment and geoconservation of mammoths from the Nosak loess–palaeosol sequence (Drmno, northeastern Serbia): Initial results and perspectives

Marković

Korać

Mrđić

et al. 2014

Quaternary International

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The Csajág mammoths (Mammuthus primigenius): Late Pleniglacial finds from Hungary and their chronological significance

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Mammal extinction facilitated biome shift and human population change during the last glacial termination in East-Central Europe

Mammal extinction facilitated biome shift and human population change during the last glacial termination in East-Central Europe

Impact of climate and humans on the range dynamics of the woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) in Europe during MIS 2

Palaeoenvironment and geoconservation of mammoths from the Nosak loess–palaeosol sequence (Drmno, northeastern Serbia): Initial results and perspectives

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