The Cultivation of Some Rumen Oligotrich Protozoa

Abstract

SUMMARYThe rumen oligotrich protozoa, Eremoplastron bovis (Dogiel, 1927), E. brevispinurn (Kofoid & MacLennan, 1932), Entodifiium longifiucleatum (Dogiel, 1925), E. ovimum (Dogiel, 1927), Eudiplodinium nzaggii (Fiorentini, 1889) and various Epidinium species have been cultured in mixed culture for over 7 months. The medium consisted of rice starch, dried grass and casein in a mineral salt solution +rumen liquor. No antibiotics were used.Preliminary studies showed that sodium sulphide causes inhibition of protozoal metabolism in concentrations greater than 0.01 yo. Pure cultures of Epidinium ecaudatum (Fiorentini, 1889) and Erernoplastron bovis have been established. In addition, a clone of E . bovis was maintained for 5 months.A method for growing quantities of protozoa for biochemical studies is described.

The Cultivation of the Rumen Ciliate Entodinium simplex

“…In contrast those working elsewhere (i.e. Coleman, I 960; Clarke, 1963) have been unable to obtain good protozoal growth in the absence of either of these materials. Jarvis & Hungate (1968) also found that soluble materials such as bovine serum and a protozoal extract increased the protozoal growth rate for a few days, whereas in the experiments described above with Entodinium simpZex and previously with E. caudatum (Coleman, 1960) particulate matter (e.g.…”

“…Gutierrez & Davis (1962) cultivated Epidinium ecaudatum in vitro for 5 months but obtained populations of only 12oo/ml. Clarke (1963) maintained Eremoplastron bovis in unspecified numbers for 5 months and mixed entodiniomorphs for somewhat longer, while Mah (1964) maintained up to 1000 Ophryoscolex purkyneilml. for nearly 3 years with a mean generation time of 24 hr.…”

Influence des ciliés du rumen sur la digestion de différents glucides chez le mouton. I. — Utilisation des glucides pariétaux (cellulose et hémicelluloses) et de l'amidon

“…La plupart des études relatives au métabolisme glucidique des ciliés ont été effectuées jusque-là in vitro (Hungate, 1955 ;Oxford, 1955 ; Howard, 1963 ;Coleman, a et b, 1970Coleman, Davies et Cash, 1972 ;BonhommeFlorentin, 1975 (Hungate, 1942(Hungate, , 1943Coleman, 1960 ;Gutierrez et Davis, 1962 ;Clarke, 1963 ;Mah, 1964 (Thivend, Mercier et Guilbot, 1965 (Jouany, 1978 .…”

The nutrition of certain intestinal protozoa

“…In addition, chloramphenicol was necessary to keep down the growth of associate bacteria and prevent them from overpowering the ciliates. Mah (1963) and Clarke (1963) have also maintained non-axenic cultures for some time, but again the components of the medium have been complex and have included solid materials. Some biochemical studies of organisms from these cultures have been carried out (Mah, 1963 ;Bailey & Clarke, 1963).…”