The cultural neuroscience of person perception

Freeman, Jonathan B.; Rule, Nicholas O.; Ambady, Nalini

doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(09)17813-5

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Our formulation of cultural knowledge as rich associative webs including knowledge and procedures implies that culture should influence both mind and brainhow people think and the structures supporting these functions (for more detail, see Freeman, Rule, & Ambady, 2009;Oyserman, 2011). While the growing field of cultural neuroscience uses a contrasting frame (e.g., individualistic vs. collectivistic) to highlight neural differences (for a review, see Kitayama & Uskul, 2011), our cultural expertise formulation fits better with neural prediction models (e.g., Bar 2009;Friston, 2009;Friston & Stephan, 2007;Schultz & Dickinson, 2000).…”

Section: Making Predictions About and In The World Neural Prediction mentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of Cultural Fluency

Mourey¹,

Lam²,

Oyserman³

2015

Social Cognition

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cultural expertise implies knowing how things are done in everyday life ("pink on valentine's Day," "obituaries celebrate and are mournful") such that one's conscious or nonconscious culture-based expectations typically match situations as they unfold. We synthesize cultural, neural prediction, and social cognition models to predict that a hallmark of this culture-based expectation-to-situation match is the experience of cultural fluency (and its opposite, cultural disfluency). cultural disfluency arises as a result of a mismatch between culture-based conscious or nonconscious expectation and situation, cuing a switch in processing style from associative to rule-based systematic processing. eight experiments demonstrate that these effects are cultural, found only among people who know the culture, and only if the cultural situation is cued. People are influenced by plate design on holidays they know, not ones they do not know. effects are found during, but not after, cultural events and generalize beyond holidays to everyday events.

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Section: Making Predictions About and In The World Neural Prediction mentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of Cultural Fluency

Mourey¹,

Lam²,

Oyserman³

2015

Social Cognition

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“…The stage at which each Jordanian is at will affect his or her interpretation of both Americans in person and from secondary exposure, such as films. Culture is a determining factor both in social perception and the physiological response determining this perception (Freeman, Nicholas, and Ambady, 2009). In other words, how different cultures perceive is different: "In sum, one"s cultural background determines the engagement of a frontparietal attentional network when making basic perceptual judgments" (Kitayama, Duffy, Kawamura, and Larsen, 2003, p. 195).…”

Section: General Theory On Cross-cultural Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may cause both parties to be racist against each other or act uncharacteristically in interaction. This is particularly important to consider because seeing a group as a threat may not be consciously recognized; implicit negative feelings towards groups have been shown without the person knowing they disliked a certain group (Freeman, Nicholas, and Ambady, 2009). If Jordanians or Americans do not know they are racist towards the other, then they may judge their perceptions to be unbiased when they in fact are.…”

Section: General Theory On Cross-cultural Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Jordanian Students Learn about Americans? A Case Study at Yarmouk University in Irbid, Jordan

Gibson

Banihani

2017

J. educ. psychol. stud.

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This study investigated how educational programs affect Jordanian students" perceptions of Americans. Students were from Yarmouk University in Jordan. The focus was twofold: first, to document opinions about Americans and American-related topics. Second, to determine if various educational programs relating to Americans impact opinions about Americans. The focus of the study compared students involved in cultural exchange programs to students not involved in exchange programs. This study was based on a questionnaire distributed to a purposeful sample of undergraduate and graduate students at Yarmouk University. Participation in a cultural exchange program was found to not have a significant effect on opinion of Americans. Program participants reported a greater proportion of "very positive" opinions of Americans, and did not hold "very negative" opinions of Americans, but these differences were not statistically significant. When comparing average opinions on Americans and related questions, exchange participants reported on average more positive opinions in cultural categories, but more negative opinions in governmental categories. The average confidence in knowledge about Americans was higher in exchange participants than the confidence of non-participants. Having a more positive opinion of the U.S., American ideas about democracy, American music, movies, and television, and desire to travel to the U.S. all were significantly associated with a more positive opinion about Americans.

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“…Studies about cultural difference have shown that memory tasks can produce different results because of the different cultural backgrounds (Freeman, Rule, and Ambady 2009;Gutchess and Indeck 2009;Schwartz, Boduroglu, and Gutchess 2014). Consumers learn, encode, and retrieve product information, and how they do it affects their behavior during a purchase situation (Cowley 2002).…”

Section: Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Culture Differences, Difficulties, and Challenges of the Neurophysiological Methods in Marketing Research

Isabella¹,

Mazzon²,

Dimoka³

2015

Journal of International Consumer Marketing

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Given recent technological improvements, social consumer researchers are reaching out for disciplines such as neuroscience and biomedical engineering. The purpose of this article is threefold. First, we briefly review each neurophysiological method. Second, we present cultural studies in marketing showing the importance of using neurophysiological tools in different cultures. Third, we discuss reasons why some areas have not benefitted from this interdisciplinary approach yet. For that, we interviewed Latin American researchers because of the importance of this region and the very little academic discussion on the challenges and caveats associated with conducting consumer research in this region. We conclude the article with insights to overcome these challenges.

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The cultural neuroscience of person perception

Cited by 19 publications

References 44 publications

Consequences of Cultural Fluency

Consequences of Cultural Fluency

How Jordanian Students Learn about Americans? A Case Study at Yarmouk University in Irbid, Jordan

Culture Differences, Difficulties, and Challenges of the Neurophysiological Methods in Marketing Research

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