The current role of secondary cytoreductive surgery for recurrent ovarian cancer

Abstract

Ovarian cancer represents worldwide the second most frequent and the most fatal gynecological malignancy, with approximately two thirds of the patients presenting with advanced disease. Cytoreductive surgery, primary or after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy is the standard of care for these patients. Despite the improvement in quality of cytoreductive surgery as well as development of novel drugs and chemotherapy regimens, still most women with ovarian cancer will ultimately develop recurrent disease and die of their disease. In contrast to the management of primary disease, the standard treatment of patients with recurrent ovarian cancer remains a topic of debate. While platinum-based or second line systemic chemotherapy, depending on the time after last platinum treatment, is standard of care, the role of secondary cytoreductive surgery has been a controversial issue for the last decades. Potential outcome benefit must be also weighed against the risk of severe surgical morbidity, impairment of quality of life and costs. In platinum-resistant recurrent disease, i.e., relapse after less than 6 months from the last platinum-based chemotherapy for primary disease, secondary cytoreduction seems generally not to be indicated due to its aggressive biological behavior and the absence of effective systemic treatment. In this comprehensive review, the current role of cytoreductive surgery in platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer is discussed thoroughly in view of the results of most recent randomized trials and a meta-analysis. There seems to be definitely a role for secondary cytoreductive surgery in selected patients with ovarian cancer recurrence in whom complete resection of macroscopic disease is feasible. However, its role should be continuously reviewed due to the changing systemic treatment of patients with ovarian cancer recurrence over time.

NMR Metabolomics of Primary Ovarian Cancer Cells in Comparison to Established Cisplatin-Resistant and -Sensitive Cell Lines

“…However, obtaining such samples is challenging due to the rarity of secondary cytoreductive surgery in platinum-refractory patients. The scarcity of these samples could pose a significant limitation to conducting such studies [49,50].…”

Advances in Ovarian Cancer Care and Unmet Treatment Needs for Patients With Platinum Resistance

“…Cytoreductive surgery is often included in frontline treatment of ovarian cancer and has been associated with significant survival benefit, particularly in patients with primary platinum resistance who may derive less benefit from platinum-based chemotherapy . Secondary cytoreductive surgery (SCS) in the recurrent setting has only been prospectively evaluated in platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer, where clear criteria have been developed .…”

Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC): New Approaches and Controversies on the Treatment of Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer—Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Patients with single or oligometastatic recurrences can be offered minimally invasive secondary cytoreductive surgery, mainly if localized in the lymph nodes, and/or receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy at primary diagnosis [8][9][10][11][12][13]. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) after cytoreductive surgery has been extensively studied in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis, and it holds promise as a therapeutic strategy in both primary and recurrent scenarios.…”