We derive a formula of soft supersymmetry-breaking scalar masses from four-dimensional string models within a more generic framework. We consider the effects of extra gauge symmetry breaking including an anomalous U͑1͒ breaking through flat directions, that is, D-term and F-term contributions, particle mixing effects, and heavy-light mass mixing effects. Some phenomenological implications are discussed based on our mass formula. ͓S0556-2821͑97͒03117-2͔