The current understanding of Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis

Mockenhaupt, Maja

doi:10.1586/eci.11.66

Cited by 283 publications

(302 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Histologic and histochemical analyses remain the optimal methods of differentiating these diseases. [1][2][3][4] SJS, TEN, and EM are felt to be cytotoxic-mediated, and various strategies are used for management with newer treatment protocols being devised. Recent case reports describe rare variants of SJS without skin manifestations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome without Skin Lesions: A Rare and Clinically Challenging Disease in the Urgent Setting

Anders¹,

Taylor²,

Kravchuk³

et al. 2015

Emerg Med Open J

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Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, and erythema multiforme are life threatening diseases causing mucocutaneous eruptions and can be difficult to manage medically. When oral tissues are involved, airway management can be of critical importance. Fluid and electrolyte imbalance are common and protocols to prevent secondary infection are initiated. All three conditions are rapidly evolving. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is more commonly associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae in the pediatric population and drug hypersensitivity in adults, whereas erythema multiforme is mostly associated with herpes simplex virus in the adult population. These diseases are T-cell-mediated immune reactions, thought to represent a spectrum of the same disease. Clinical and immunohistochemical techniques are capable of differentiating Stevens-Johnson syndrome from erythema multiforme and provide insight into the possible underlying pathology creating the disease. Rare cases of Stevens-Johnson syndrome without skin manifestations have been associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae and predominantly occur in males. In-hospital management is recommended to provide airway support, maintain fluid intake, electrolyte balance, obtain multi-speciality consultation, and to perform diagnostic testing. We describe a case of a 14 year old male with atypical Stevens-Johnson syndrome and a review of the literature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome without Skin Lesions: A Rare and Clinically Challenging Disease in the Urgent Setting

Anders¹,

Taylor²,

Kravchuk³

et al. 2015

Emerg Med Open J

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“…The international classification of SJS/TEN is based on the body surface area (BSA) involved: SJS involves <10% of BSA; TEN involves >30%; and there is an overlap in definitions with involvement of 10 -30%. [7] Mortality associated with SJS, SJS/TEN and TEN is 10%, 30% and >50%, respectively. [7] Common causes of death include septic shock, hypovolaemic shock, acute renal failure and fulminant hepatitis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7] Mortality associated with SJS, SJS/TEN and TEN is 10%, 30% and >50%, respectively. [7] Common causes of death include septic shock, hypovolaemic shock, acute renal failure and fulminant hepatitis. [8] The most common drugs implicated are sulphonamide antibiotics (38%) and nevirapine (20%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal nevirapine-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome with HIV-associated mania

Zingela¹,

Bronkhorst²,

Qwesha³

et al. 2014

South. Afr. j. HIV med.

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Mania with psychotic features is one of the common presenting clusters of psychiatric symptoms in HIV-infected patients. Commonly, patients with HIV-associated mania receive antiretroviral treatment, mood stabilisers and antipsychotics. This case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome highlights the dilemmas and complications that may arise when prescribing multiple medications in HIV-associated psychiatric disorders.

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“…The syndrome is causes are certain medications (such as lamotrigine), but it can also be due to infections, or more rarely, cancers, or hypersensitivity reaction to some compounds. 1,2 The blisters and erosions in SJS cover between 3% and 10% of the entire body surface. 3 It is associated with factors ranging from immunoreactions, infections, genetic factors, and adverse drug reactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It showed the relationship between structural features, functions, and treatment. 2,4,8,9 This review outlined the relationship between anatomic or structural changes, physiological variations, and the effect of drugs in Steven Johnson's syndrome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy, Physiology and Drugs Triangular Dynamics in Steven Johnsons Syndrome

2017

MOJAP

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The incidence of Steven-Johnson syndrome has been on the increase within the last two years in Nigeria. This renewed the interest on this disease to explore the dynamics for improved patient care. This review outlined the relationship between anatomic or structural changes, physiological variations, and the effect of drugs in Steven Johnson's syndrome. Better understanding of the fundamental structural and physiological changes in affected patients is vital to improve the treatment and/or the initial management procedures in resource-limited environments. This article showed the relationship between structural features, functions, and treatment. Tailoring treatment to the anatomical, physiological changes, and the effect of drugs and causative agents suggests a triangular dynamic trend in the disease state management.

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The current understanding of Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis

Cited by 283 publications

References 40 publications

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome without Skin Lesions: A Rare and Clinically Challenging Disease in the Urgent Setting

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome without Skin Lesions: A Rare and Clinically Challenging Disease in the Urgent Setting

Fatal nevirapine-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome with HIV-associated mania

Anatomy, Physiology and Drugs Triangular Dynamics in Steven Johnsons Syndrome

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