The cut-off point of the 3 Dimensional Sleep Scale (3DSS) − day workers version − based on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)

Ishida

et al. 2017

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Numerous studies have determined that lifestyle factors (smoking, drinking, snacking, etc.) and the bedroom environment can influence sleep. We developed a new sleep scale—the 3-Dimensional Sleep Scale (3DSS)—which measures three elements of sleep: phase, quality, and quantity. The purpose of this study is to determine which risk factors of sleep complaints are associated with these sleep elements. Data were obtained from 366 Japanese day workers (302 men and 64 women). Sleep condition was assessed with the 3DSS, and we also assessed various habits within 2 h of going to bed, including smoking, drinking, snacking, caffeine intake, mobile phone use, and working. We also asked about bedroom environmental conditions (noise, lighting, and temperature and humidity). Multivariate logistic regression analysis using the backward selection method (likelihood ratio) was used, with 3DSS scores as the outcome (i.e., over or under the cutoff). The results showed that smoking was associated with significantly greater odds ratio [2.71 (1.65–4.44)] of disordered sleep phase, while lighting as well as temperature and humidity led to greater odds [3.67 (1.55–8.68), 1.93 (1.20–3.11)] of poor sleep quality. Finally, only noise was significantly related to greater odds [1.98 (1.13–3.46)] of low sleep quantity. These findings indicated the various risk factors of sleep complaints could be associated with different sleep elements. This might help in the effective treatment of sleep complaints.

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship of sleep complaints risk factors with sleep phase, quality, and quantity in Japanese workers

Ishida

et al. 2017

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“…The range of each category’s score is 0–15; the higher the score, the better the sleep status. The cut-off value for phase or quantity scores is 8/9, and that of quality scores is 10/11 [ 8 ]. Table 1 and Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is difficult to assess sleep conditions in a 24-h nation, because sleep phase problems (i.e., sleep regularity and chronotype) as well as sleep quality (i.e., sleep efficiency and sleep satisfaction) and sleep quantity (i.e., sleep duration and sleep adequacy) must be considered. To this end, we developed a scale to measure the three elements of sleep (phase, quality, and quantity) [ 7 , 8 ], which we named the “3-dimensional sleep scale” or 3DSS. The 3DSS can be used to classify participants by sleep type based on their scale scores.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Day workers suffering from a wider range of sleep problems are more likely to experience suicidality

Ishida

et al. 2016

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Both a higher suicide rate and widespread sleep problems are serious health concerns in Japan when compared with those of other countries. We investigated the relationship between suicidal ideation and sleep problems in Japanese day workers using the 3-dimensional sleep scale (3DSS), which measures three sleep elements (phase, quality, and quantity). Data from 635 Japanese day workers (461 mens and 174 womens) were included. The 3DSS was used to assess participants' sleep condition. Participants were classified into eight sleep types based on scores of phase, quality, and quantity: All Good Sleep, Owl (poor phase), Inefficient (poor quality), Short (poor quantity), Owl ? Inefficient (poor phase and quality), Owl ? Short (poor phase and quantity), Inefficient ? Short (poor quality and quantity), and All Poor Sleep. We assessed participants' suicidal ideation using question 19 of the selfrating depression scale (SDS); 119 cases (18.7 %) had ratings of 2-4 for this question and were considered to have suicidal ideation. The higher the number of sleep problems, the higher the risk of suicidal ideation compared to sleep types not indicative of problems. All Poor Sleep had the highest risk of the eight sleep types. Individuals with Owl ? Short, Inefficient ? Short, or All Poor Sleep had a significant risk of suicidal ideation even after adjusting for hopelessness and nightmares. Our findings suggested that sleep problems assessed by the 3DSS were related to suicidal ideation. Analysis of various aspects of sleep could be helpful for suicide prevention.

“…The score for each category ranges from 0 to 15, with higher scores indicating a better result for that sleep condition. The cutoff values reported in previous studies were used in this study [24] [17]. The Japanese version was developed by Doi et al and its reliability and validity has been confirmed [18].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…We have previously described the development of a new scale, the 3-Dimensional Sleep Scale (3DSS). This scale can score and evaluated nighttime and daytime symptoms of sleep problems separately, in addition to fluctuations in sleep/wake patterns [ 23 , 24 ]. Furthermore, in a cross-sectional study, we demonstrated that individuals judged as having poor sleep by the 3DSS showed an odds ratio for suicidal ideation about 3–6-times higher than those judged as having good sleep [ 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Verification of sleep scales as predictors of suicidal ideation in Japanese dayworkers: a longitudinal study

Ishitake

et al. 2022

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The objective of this study was to verify whether the assessment of poor sleep based on two sleep scales could predict suicidal ideation in Japanese dayworkers. A longitudinal survey was conducted among 446 Japanese dayworkers working at a company in Japan. Questionnaires were administered in 2013 (baseline) and 2014 (follow-up). To evaluate suicidal ideation, we used Question 19 of the Self-rating Depression Scale, categorizing participants who chose response options “some/a good part/most of the time” as suicidal ideation (+), and those who chose option “never or only a little of the time” as suicidal ideation (−). Two sleep scales, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the 3-Dimensional Sleep Scale (3DSS), were selected as potential predictors of suicidal ideation. Only participants who were suicidal ideation (−) at baseline were included in the analysis, and suicidal ideation (+) individuals at follow-up were considered to have developed suicidal ideation during the interval between baseline and follow-up surveys. Data from 293 participants (236 men, 57 women) were analyzed. Twenty-two participants (7.5%) became suicidal ideation (+) at follow-up. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that only sleep quality of the 3DSS subscale significantly predicted suicidal ideation, even after adjusting for depressive symptoms. That is, assessment of poor sleep did not predict suicidal ideation when based on the PSQI, but did when based on the 3DSS. Assessment of sleep quality based on the 3DSS may prove more useful in predicting worker suicidal ideation in industrial settings with limited facilities than PSQI.