The cutaneous bacterium <i><scp>J</scp>anthinobacterium lividum</i> inhibits the growth of <i><scp>T</scp>richophyton rubrum in vitro</i>

Ramsey, Jeremy P.; Mercurio, Albert; Holland, Jessica A.; Harris, Reid N.; Minbiole, Kevin P. C.

doi:10.1111/ijd.12217

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…These bacteria mostly belong to the Proteobacteria. Several Proteobacteria have pathogenic or antipathogenic functions in amphibians, for example, Janthinobacterium lividum in amphibian guts can inhibit the growth of lethal amphibian fungi [ 77 , 78 ]. Certain antifungal bacteria from the genus Pseudomonas that were discovered on the skin of amphibians, that is, the salamander ( Plethodon cinereus and Hemidactylium scutatum ) [ 79 , 80 ] and the frog ( Rana muscosa ) [ 81 ]), were also found in leopard frogs ( Rana pipiens ) [ 82 ]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of diet and dominant intestinal microbes in farmland frogs

et al. 2016

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Background: Agricultural activities inevitably result in anthropogenic interference with natural habitats. The diet and the gut microbiota of farmland wildlife can be altered due to the changes in food webs within agricultural ecosystems. In this work, we compared the diet and intestinal microbiota of the frog Fejervarya limnocharis in natural and farmland habitats in order to understand how custom farming affects the health of in vivo microbial ecosystems. Results: The occurrence, abundance, and the numbers of prey categories of stomach content were significantly different between the frogs inhabiting natural and farmland habitats. In addition, differences in the abundance, species richness, and alpha-diversity of intestinal microbial communities were also statistically significant. The microbial composition, and particularly the composition of dominant microbes living in intestines, indicated that the land use practices might be one of factors affecting the gut microbial community composition. Although the first three dominant microbial phyla Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria found in the intestines of frogs were classified as generalists among habitats, the most dominant gut bacterial phylum Bacteroidetes in natural environments was replaced by the microbial phylum Firmicutes in farmland frogs. Increased intestinal microbial richness of the farmland frogs, which is mostly contributed by numerous microbial species of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Planctomycetes, not only reflects the possible shifts in microbial community composition through the alteration of external ecosystem, but also indicates the higher risk of invasion by disease-related microbes. Conclusions: This study indicates that anthropogenic activities, such as the custom farming, have not only affected the food resources of frogs, but also influenced the health and in vivo microbial ecosystem of wildlife.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of diet and dominant intestinal microbes in farmland frogs

et al. 2016

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“…Examples include the topical application of the commensal skin bacterium Janthinobacterium lividum to treat athlete's foot, a common fungal skin infection, via the control of bacterial–fungal interactions (Ramsey et al . ). Ramsey et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The in vitro and amphibian animal models used in the study warrant additional research to investigate the use of J. lividum as a probiotic treatment in humans (Ramsey et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Shaping of cutaneous function by encounters with commensals

Barnard

2016

The Journal of Physiology

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The skin is the largest organ in the human body and provides the first line of defence against environmental attack and pathogen invasion. It harbor multiple commensal microbial communities at different body sites, which play important roles in sensing the environment, protecting against colonization and infection of pathogens, and guiding the host immune system in response to foreign invasions. The skin microbiome is largely variable between individuals and body sites, with several core commensal members commonly shared among individuals at the healthy state. These microbial commensals are essential to skin health and can potentially lead to disease when their abundances and activities change due to alterations in the environment or in the host. While recent advances in sequencing technologies have enabled a large number of studies to characterize the taxonomic composition of the skin microbiome at various body sites and under different physiological conditions, we have limited understanding of the microbiome composition and dynamics at the strain level, which is highly important to many microbe-related diseases. Functional studies of the skin microbial communities and the interactions among community members and with the host are currently scant, warranting future investigations. In this review, we summarize the recent findings on the skin microbiome, highlighting the roles of the major commensals, including bacteria, fungi and bacteriophages, in modulating skin functions in health and disease. Functional studies of the skin microbiota at the metatranscriptomic and proteomic levels are also included to illustrate the interactions between the microbiota and the host skin.

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“…While Janthinobacterium as well as Duganella appear to be non-pathogenic to humans, animals, and plants, they are well-known for their antifungal effects. For example, J. livium suppresses fungal growth on human and amphibian skin or J. agaricidamnsoum causes the soft rot disease on the mushroom Agaricus bisporus (Becker et al, 2009; Harris et al, 2009; Wiggins et al, 2011; Graupner et al, 2015; Ramsey et al, 2015). The antifungal activities within this Oxalobacteraceae family are most likely induced through a regulatory network in response to chitin or degradation products (Cretoiu et al, 2013; Kielak et al, 2013) and the involvement of the secondary metabolite violacein is hypothesized (Brucker et al, 2008; Ramsey et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Keys to the Janthinobacterium and Duganella spp. Interaction with the Plant Pathogen Fusarium graminearum

et al. 2016

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Janthinobacterium and Duganella are well-known for their antifungal effects. Surprisingly, almost nothing is known on molecular aspects involved in the close bacterium-fungus interaction. To better understand this interaction, we established the genomes of 11 Janthinobacterium and Duganella isolates in combination with phylogenetic and functional analyses of all publicly available genomes. Thereby, we identified a core and pan genome of 1058 and 23,628 genes. All strains encoded secondary metabolite gene clusters and chitinases, both possibly involved in fungal growth suppression. All but one strain carried a single gene cluster involved in the biosynthesis of alpha-hydroxyketone-like autoinducer molecules, designated JAI-1. Genome-wide RNA-seq studies employing the background of two isolates and the corresponding JAI-1 deficient strains identified a set of 45 QS-regulated genes in both isolates. Most regulated genes are characterized by a conserved sequence motif within the promoter region. Among the most strongly regulated genes were secondary metabolite and type VI secretion system gene clusters. Most intriguing, co-incubation studies of J. sp. HH102 or its corresponding JAI-1 synthase deletion mutant with the plant pathogen Fusarium graminearum provided first evidence of a QS-dependent interaction with this pathogen.

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The cutaneous bacterium Janthinobacterium lividum inhibits the growth of Trichophyton rubrum in vitro

Abstract: These in vitro results suggest that J. lividum merits further investigation as a human cutaneous probiotic.

Cited by 18 publications

References 20 publications

Changes of diet and dominant intestinal microbes in farmland frogs

Changes of diet and dominant intestinal microbes in farmland frogs

Shaping of cutaneous function by encounters with commensals

Molecular Keys to the Janthinobacterium and Duganella spp. Interaction with the Plant Pathogen Fusarium graminearum

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