The cutaneous sensory system

McGlone, Francis; Reilly, David

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2009.08.004

Cited by 358 publications

(265 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The lack of intra-and inter-sensory interaction, particularly in terms of touch and vision (the probe was applied but not moved and participants could not see the stimulation area), might be primary responsible for the heterogeneity of the responses. Indeed, it has been shown that the co-activity of highly specialised receptors with different individual properties is essential in generating the variety of cutaneous sensations we encounter in everyday life, particularly in complex perceptions such as skin wetness [1,26] . Thus, the role of the other somatosensory sub-modalities might be equally as important as the skin cooling itself [1], which can therefore not always be sufficient in evoking the perception of wetness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, our group recently observed that the individual ability to discriminate between dryness and wetness is limited during the static contact with a warm dry or wet surface as no skin cooling (and thus no cold sensations) occurs [14]. Thus, defining some particular activations of the cold afferents as sufficient to generate this perception (regardless of other sensory interactions [6]) might be limiting in the light of the complex interconnecting, intermodal and cross modal networks our sensory systems operate within [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This difference between perception and sensation relies on the fact that our nervous system extracts only certain information from each stimulus and these are then interpreted according to the current situation and previous experiences [21]. Furthermore, perception often results from multisensory experiences as our sensory systems operate within interconnecting, intermodal and cross modal networks [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of decreasing contact temperatures and skin cooling in the perception of skin wetness

Filingeri

Redortier²,

Hodder

et al. 2013

Neuroscience Letters

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Cold sensations are suggested as the primary inducer of the perception of skin wetness.However, limited data are available on the effects of skin cooling. Hence, we investigated the role of peripheral cold afferents in the perception of wetness. Six cold-dry stimuli (producing skin cooling rates in a range of 0.02 to 0.41°C/s) were applied on the forearm of 9 female participants.Skin temperature and conductance, thermal and wetness perception were recorded. Five out of 9 participants perceived wetness as a result of cold-dry stimuli with cooling rates in a range of 0.14 to 0.41°C/s, while 4 did not perceive skin wetness at all. Although skin cooling and cold sensations play a role in evoking the perception of wetness, these are not always of a primary importance and other sensory modalities (i.e. touch and vision), as well as the inter-individual variability in thermal sensitivity, might be equally determinant in characterising this perception.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of decreasing contact temperatures and skin cooling in the perception of skin wetness

Filingeri

Redortier²,

Hodder

et al. 2013

Neuroscience Letters

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“…In addition to Neisser's focus on the interaction of action and perception, other researchers have emphasised the importance of internal bodily signals (or ''interoception'') in generating self-relevant bodily information (Craig, 2003;Damasio, 1999;Seth, Suzuki, & Critchley, 2011). These interoceptive senses include: proprioception or the movements of the musculoskeletal system (Fridland, 2011); the detection of the orientation of the body in space through the vestibular system (Pfeiffer et al, 2013); the neural and chemical signals indicating the state of one's cardiac, respiratory and digestive systems (Craig, 2003); and sensory signals for pain, itch, temperature and pleasant touch on the skin (McGlone & Reilly, 2010). The sense of the bodily self is thought to arise when these sensory signals from within the body are then integrated with information from the external senses, primarily vision, to create a multisensory representation of the current state of the body (Seth et al, 2011).…”

Section: Bodily Selfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Putting Ourselves in Another’s Skin: Using the Plasticity of Self-Perception to Enhance Empathy and Decrease Prejudice

Farmer

Maister

2017

Soc Just Res

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The self is one the most important concepts in social cognition and plays a crucial role in determining questions such as which social groups we view ourselves as belonging to and how we relate to others. In the past decade, the self has also become an important topic within cognitive neuroscience with an explosion in the number of studies seeking to understand how different aspects of the self are represented within the brain. In this paper, we first outline the recent research on the neurocognitive basis of the self and highlight a key distinction between two forms of self-representation. The first is the ''bodily'' self, which is thought to be the basis of subjective experience and is grounded in the processing of sensorimotor signals. The second is the ''conceptual'' self, which develops through our interactions of other and is formed of a rich network of associative and semantic information. We then investigate how both the bodily and conceptual self are related to social cognition with an emphasis on how self-representations are involved in the processing and creation of prejudice. We then highlight new research demonstrating that the bodily and conceptual self are both malleable and that this malleability can be harnessed in order to achieve a reduction in social prejudice. In particular, we will outline strong evidence that modulating people's perceptions of the bodily self can lead to changes in attitudes at the conceptual level. We will highlight a series of studies demonstrating that social attitudes towards various social out-groups (e.g. racial groups) can lead to a reduction in prejudice towards that group. Finally, we seek to place these findings in a broader social context by considering how innovations in virtual reality technology can allow experiences of taking on another's identity are likely to become both more commonplace and more convincing in the future and the various opportunities and risks associated with using such technology to reduce prejudice.

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“…The molecular mechanisms underlying this complex process still remains poorly understood, but electrophysiological studies suggest that it occurs through the activation of ion channels [9][10][11][12][13]. The first step of mechanotransduction occurs in the mechanoreceptors [14][15][16][17], and involves the activation of the peripheral branch of the pseudo-unipolar primary mechanosensory neurons [14,18] and the sensory corpuscles connected to them [14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Putative Mechanoproteins in Vertebrate Cutaneous Mechanoreceptors-Are they at the Basis of the Mechanotransduction?

Cobo¹,

Cobo²,

Ja³

2017

MOJAP

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The mammalian skin contains sensory structures (mechanoreceptors) that are responsible for different modalities of mechanosensitivity like touch, vibration and pressure sensation. These specialized sensory organs are anatomically and functionally connected to mechanosensory neurons which electrophysiologically correspond with Aβ fibers. The process of mechanosensitivity requires the conversion of a mechanical stimulus into an electrical signal (mechanotransduction) through the activation of ion channels that gate in response to mechanical stimuli originating actions potential potentials. The ion channels that are putatively mechanotransducer belong primarily to the families of acid-sensing ion channels, transient receptor potential channels, and Piezo2. This short review compiles the current knowledge on the occurrence of putative mechanoproteins mechanoreceptors, and therefore the involvement of these proteins on the biology of touch.

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The cutaneous sensory system

Cited by 358 publications

References 75 publications

The role of decreasing contact temperatures and skin cooling in the perception of skin wetness

The role of decreasing contact temperatures and skin cooling in the perception of skin wetness

Putting Ourselves in Another’s Skin: Using the Plasticity of Self-Perception to Enhance Empathy and Decrease Prejudice

Putative Mechanoproteins in Vertebrate Cutaneous Mechanoreceptors-Are they at the Basis of the Mechanotransduction?

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