The CX3C chemokine fractalkine mediates platelet adhesion via the von Willebrand receptor glycoprotein Ib

Contribution of Platelet CX 3 CR1 to Platelet–Monocyte Complex Formation and Vascular Recruitment During Hyperlipidemia

“…The presence of functional platelet CX 3 CR1 was demonstrated before, but only in the context of adhesion to endothelial cells. [12][13][14] Here, we demonstrate that human and mouse platelets overexpress functional platelet CX 3 CR1 on activation or by hyperlipidemia triggering their adherence and subsequent monocyte recruitment to arterial lesions. Although the content of mRNA encoding CX 3 CR1 was found to differ considerably among individuals, the protein levels of CX 3 CR1 in donors were similar, indicating that platelet CX 3 CR1 is produced during the megakaryocytic stage.…”

“…[9][10][11][12] Although most chemokine receptors only weakly mediate platelet activation in vitro, the chemokine receptor CX 3 CR1 can play a role in platelet aggregation and subsequent interactions of platelets and leukocytes with the vessel wall. 13,14 The specific ligand for CX 3 CR1 is CX 3 CL1 (fractalkine), a member of a unique class of transmembrane chemokines with a chemokine domain on a mucin-like stalk, which can exist in a membrane-anchored or proteolytically shed soluble form. 15,16 Soluble CX 3 CL1 mediates chemotaxis, whereas the membrane-anchored form can directly support firm adhesion of leukocytes.…”

Effect of Aspirin on Fractalkine in Rats with Pulmonary Embolism

“…Previous studies suggest that the adhesion between endothelial cells, platelet and leukocyte is involved in PE, and the inflammatory response induced by PE further injuries the lung [13]. FKN together with its receptor on the endothelial cells is potent enough to capture the white blood cells to adhere closely to vascular endothelium even in the high blood flow [14]. When the aorta is full of inflammatory cells gathered by FKN, it will play a role in the pathogenesis of some diseases, such as acute lung injury, pulmonary hypertension [15], and ischemic stroke [16].…”

High expression of CX3C chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1) in human carotid plaques is associated with vulnerability of the lesions

“…Experimental data suggest that fractalkine activates platelets to stimulate their adhesion and aggregation [24]. The interaction between fractalkine receptors (CX3CR1) on platelets with membranous fractalkine on endothelial cells is responsible for platelet adhesion to the endothelium [17,24].…”