The cyanobacterial polysaccharide sacran: characteristics, structures, and preparation of LC gels

Okeyoshi, Kosuke; Okajima, Maiko K.; Kaneko, Tatsuo

doi:10.1038/s41428-020-00426-2

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…On the other hand, the Aphanothece sacrum is a freshwater unicellular cyanobacterium that efficiently fixes CO 2 during aqua cultivation in rivers [ 85 ]. Sacran, a polysaccharide extracted from Aphanothece sacrum, composed of various monosaccharide units, e.g., glucose, galactose, mannose, xylose, rhamnose, and fucose, with compositions of 25.9%, 11.0%, 10.0%, 16.2%, 10.2%, and 6.9%, respectively [ 86 ]. Additionally, it has 20–25% uronic acids and ~1% arabinose, galactosamine, and muramic acid [ 87 ].…”

Section: Ternary Complex Of Cde With Low-molecular-weight Sacranmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, it has 20–25% uronic acids and ~1% arabinose, galactosamine, and muramic acid [ 87 ]. The absolute molecular weight of sacran, Mw, measured by using multiangle static light scattering (MALLS) was >10 7 g/mol [ 86 ]. The sacran molecule possesses a large number of sulfate and carboxyl groups and is known to be an anionic macromolecule and has an extremely high molecular weight (approximately 29 MDa) [ 86 ].…”

Section: Ternary Complex Of Cde With Low-molecular-weight Sacranmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The absolute molecular weight of sacran, Mw, measured by using multiangle static light scattering (MALLS) was >10 7 g/mol [ 86 ]. The sacran molecule possesses a large number of sulfate and carboxyl groups and is known to be an anionic macromolecule and has an extremely high molecular weight (approximately 29 MDa) [ 86 ]. Sacran has been consumed as a functional food to ameliorate allergic tendency and gastroenteritis in Japan [ 86 ].…”

Section: Ternary Complex Of Cde With Low-molecular-weight Sacranmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sacran molecule possesses a large number of sulfate and carboxyl groups and is known to be an anionic macromolecule and has an extremely high molecular weight (approximately 29 MDa) [ 86 ]. Sacran has been consumed as a functional food to ameliorate allergic tendency and gastroenteritis in Japan [ 86 ]. Hence, sacran is thought to be a safe biomaterial.…”

Section: Ternary Complex Of Cde With Low-molecular-weight Sacranmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, sacran is thought to be a safe biomaterial. Additionally, numerous cosmetics containing sacran have been commercially available in Japan [ 86 ]. Therefore, sacran is a potentially safe coating material for cationic carrier/siRNA complexes.…”

Section: Ternary Complex Of Cde With Low-molecular-weight Sacranmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Twenty Years of Research on Cyclodextrin Conjugates with PAMAM Dendrimers

Arima

2021

Pharmaceutics

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Recently, the number of gene and oligonucleotide drugs are increasing. Of various drug delivery systems (DDSs) for gene and oligonucleotide drugs, few examples of the clinical application of polymer as drug carriers are known, despite development of the novel polymers has been progressing. Cyclodextrin (CD) conjugates with starburst polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer (CDEs), as a new type of polymer-based carriers, were first published in 2001. After that, galactose-, lactose-, mannose-, fucose-, folate-, and polyethyleneglycol (PEG)-appended CDEs have been prepared for passive and active targeting for gene, oligonucleotide, and low-molecular-weight drugs. PEG-appended CDE formed polypsuedorotaxanes with α-CD and γ-CD, which are useful for a sustained release system of gene and oligonucleotide drugs. Interestingly, CDEs were found to have anti-inflammatory effects and anti-amyloid effects themselves, which have potential as active pharmaceutical ingredients. Most recently, CDE is reported to be a useful Cas9-RNA ribonucleoproteins (Cas9 RNP) carrier that induces genome editing in the neuron and brain. In this review, the history and progression of CDEs are overviewed.

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Section: Ternary Complex Of Cde With Low-molecular-weight Sacranmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ternary Complex Of Cde With Low-molecular-weight Sacranmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ternary Complex Of Cde With Low-molecular-weight Sacranmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ternary Complex Of Cde With Low-molecular-weight Sacranmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ternary Complex Of Cde With Low-molecular-weight Sacranmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Twenty Years of Research on Cyclodextrin Conjugates with PAMAM Dendrimers

Arima

2021

Pharmaceutics

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Cyanobacterial supra‐polysaccharide: Self‐similar hierarchy, diverse morphology, and application prospects of sacran fibers

et al. 2022

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The biological functions of polysaccharides are influenced by their chemistry and chain conformation, which have resulted in various functional applications and new uses for polysaccharides in recent years. Sacran is an intriguing ampholytic polysaccharide with several key properties such as metal adsorption, anti-inflammatory nature, and transdermal drug-carrying capacity. It has an extremely high molecular weight over 10 7 g/ mol, which is much higher than those of the previously reported microbial polysaccharides. In particular, it has a remarkable self-orienting characteristic over a large length scale, which could produce a bundle with twisted morphologies from the nanoscale to the microscale with diameters of ~1 μm and lengths of >800 μm. In this review, morphological variations, as well as novel self-organization and hierarchical self-assembly are comprehensively discussed. Sacran fibers deform into various forms, such as twoand three-dimensional flexible fibers and micro-nano fragments, during their evaporation. The self-assembly and disassembly of the sacran are explained in terms of the preparation process and factors that influence the morphology. This review will pave the way for the development of novel modules such as humidity-sensitive actuators, micro-patterned cell scaffolds, and uniaxially oriented membranes.

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