2019
DOI: 10.1038/s41368-019-0064-z
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The cytokine network involved in the host immune response to periodontitis

Abstract: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease involving the destruction of both soft and hard tissue in the periodontal region. Although dysbiosis of the local microbial community initiates local inflammation, over-activation of the host immune response directly activates osteoclastic activity and alveolar bone loss. Many studies have reported on the cytokine network involved in periodontitis and its crucial and pleiotropic effect on the recruitment of specific immunocytes, control of pathobionts and induction or s… Show more

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Cited by 442 publications
(376 citation statements)
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References 244 publications
(298 reference statements)
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“…Recent applications of NMF in bioinformatics have demonstrated its ability to extract meaningful information from high-dimensional data such as gene expression microarrays [17]. From the results, more cases of chronic periodontitis were clustered in subtype-2 which is in accordance with its immune characteristics, in which IL-6 cytokine has been well characterized as a major player in chronic in ammation [26]. In aggressive periodontitis, in ltration ofCD4, CD8, CD20 and CD68 cells were observed.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 90%
“…Recent applications of NMF in bioinformatics have demonstrated its ability to extract meaningful information from high-dimensional data such as gene expression microarrays [17]. From the results, more cases of chronic periodontitis were clustered in subtype-2 which is in accordance with its immune characteristics, in which IL-6 cytokine has been well characterized as a major player in chronic in ammation [26]. In aggressive periodontitis, in ltration ofCD4, CD8, CD20 and CD68 cells were observed.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 90%
“…In contrast to AEA, the synthetic selective CB2R ligands HU‐308 (agonist) and SMM‐189 (inverse agonist) inhibited the expression of cytokines, chemokines, angiogenic, and vascular markers that have been implicated in the genesis and progression of PD. In terms of bone resorption and osteoclastic activity, IL‐1ÎČ upregulated the expression of TNF‐α, IFN‐γ, IL‐6, GM‐CSF, and IL‐2, 103 which was effectively inhibited by both CB2R ligands with SMM‐189 providing greater suppression than HU‐308. These results were consistent with previous studies that showed similar effects with HU‐308 on IL‐6 and TNF‐α production using LPS‐stimulated human PDL cells 104 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A interleucina-1 (IL-1) Ă© secretada em duas formas moleculares, IL-1α e IL-1ÎČ no fluido extracelular (sendo que a produção de IL-1ÎČ Ă© cerca de 10 a 50 vezes maior do que IL-1α) por inĂșmeras cĂ©lulas incluindo macrĂłfagos, cĂ©lulas B, neutrĂłfilos, fibroblastos e cĂ©lulas epiteliais (Goutoudi, Diza & Arvanitidou, 2004).Descobertas recentes na patogĂȘnese da doença periodontal tĂȘm centrado interesse no papel das citocinas como mediadores capazes de governar a atividade biolĂłgica de destruição em tecidos inflamados. Existe um reconhecimento de que hĂĄ um forte componente genĂ©tico na suscetibilidade Ă  doença periodontal, sugerindo que a liberação excessiva dessa citocina, apĂłs estĂ­mulo inflamatĂłrio, Ă©, acima de tudo, uma caracterĂ­stica do paciente portador de periodontite (Gupta, Chhina & Arora, 2018;Roi et al, 2019;Pan, Wang & Chen, 2019;Marchesan et al, 2020). Research, Society and Development, v. 9, n. 7, e674974773, 2020 (CC BY 4.0) | ISSN 2525-3409 | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i7.4773 9 A IL-1ÎČ Ă© a mais predominante na doença periodontal, Ă© expressa tanto em tecido sadio quanto em tecidos acometidos pela doença periodontal, apresenta efeito pleiotrĂłpico (incluindo ativação de leucĂłcitos inflamatĂłrios e modificação da permeabilidade vascular), estimula a produção de MMP, estĂĄ intensamente relacionada com a perda de colĂĄgeno, promovem reabsorção Ăłssea, altos nĂ­veis estĂŁo relacionados com Ă­ndices de sangramento, profundidade de sondagem e nĂ­vel clĂ­nico de inserção, apresenta uma precisĂŁo aceitĂĄvel para o diagnĂłstico de periodontite e ocorre uma redução significativa na quantidade de IL-1ÎČ em resposta a terapia periodontal (Masada et al, 1990;Nokhbehsaim et al, 2019).…”
Section: Resultsunclassified
“…Em alguns casos, essas reaçÔes de defesa do hospedeiro podem ser prejudiciais por serem, tambĂ©m, passĂ­veis de danificar as cĂ©lulas e estruturas vizinhas do tecido conjuntivo. A barreira epitelial intacta e a transmigração de neutrĂłfilos se configuram como a primeira linha de defesa do hospedeiro contra os agentes agressores, os patĂłgenos que conseguem ultrapassar esta barreira, sĂŁo combatidos pelo sistema imune por meio de diferentes estratĂ©gias de defesa, como aquela mediada por cĂ©lulas fagocĂ­ticas (Stadler et al, 2016;Pan, Wang & Chen, 2019). À medida que a doença progride para estĂĄgios mais avançados, ocorre uma destruição tecidual significativa envolvendo reabsorção Ăłssea e perda de colĂĄgeno.…”
Section: Introductionunclassified