The cytotoxicity of volatile JP-8 jet fuel components in keratinocytes

Rogers, James V.; Siegel, Gayl L; Pollard, D. L.; Rooney, Aubrie D; McDougal, James N.

doi:10.1016/j.tox.2003.12.011

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…1-Methylnaphthalene (1-MN) is a constituent of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), the chemicals that have become ubiquitous in the environment as result of natural and industrial process. The extensive human exposure to 1-MN is evidenced by the fact that it is found in rock oil, petrol and Diesel fuel [1,2]. Occupational (inhalation or dermal contact) exposure is the most probable source of high levels of 1-MN derivatives in humans [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution and excretion of 1-Methylnaphthalene in rats exposed to 1-Methylnaphthalene by inhalation

Świercz

Wąsowicz

2018

Int J Occup Med Environ Health

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Objectives: 1-Methylnaphthalene (1-MN) is a constituent of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, the chemicals that have become ubiquitous in the environment as result of natural and industrial process. This paper reports a study on the distribution and excretion of 1-MN in rats after single and repeated inhalation exposure to 1-MN vapor. Material and Methods: Male Wistar rats were exposed to 1-MN vapor at nominal concentrations of 50 mg/m 3 or 200 mg/m 3 in the dynamic inhalation chambers (TSE Systems Head Nose Only Exposure) for 6 h (single exposure) or 5 days (6 h/day, repeated exposure). Blood, urine and tissue samples were collected during and after the exposure. Blood, urine and tissue concentrations of 1-MN were estimated by gas chromatography using the headspace technique. Results: The elimination of 1-MN from blood followed an open 2-compartment model. The concentration in rat tissues was dependent on the magnitude and time of exposure. After repeated exposure, the concentration 1-MN in tissue decreased in comparison to single exposure. The elimination of 1-MN with urine after single and repeated exposure to 1-MN occurred mainly in the samples collected during the first day of collection. Conclusions: 1-Methylnaphthalene was rapidly eliminated from the blood and tissues of animals exposed by inhalation to 1-MN. In repeated exposure, there was probably a significant increase of 1-MN metabolism in rats exposed to low and high 1-MN doses. Under conditions of repeated 1-MN exposure, no significant systemic 1-MN accumulation could be observed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution and excretion of 1-Methylnaphthalene in rats exposed to 1-Methylnaphthalene by inhalation

Świercz

Wąsowicz

2018

Int J Occup Med Environ Health

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“…com/tech specifications.aspx), testing its immunosuppressive properties provided an excellent opportunity to determine the role of the aromatic and aliphatics components of jet fuel in the induction of immune suppression. The literature suggests that there is a difference in the penetration (McDougal er al., 2000; Riviere et al, 1999) and toxicity (Chou et al, 2003;Rogers et al, 2004) between aromatics and aliphatics, and that certain aromatics are immune suppressive (Abadin et al, 2007). Therefore, we began a series of studies to determine if applying S-8 to the skin of mice induces immune suppression.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Also, the aromatics compounds are more potent in inducing keratinocyte cell death. Aromatic cytotoxicity in this context has been reported to be a function of the number of side chains and the number of rings in which the more complex the ringed structure the more its cytotoxic potential (Chou, et al, 2003;Rogers, et al, 2004). The aliphatic hydrocarbons found in jet fuel are responsible for dermal irritation (i.e., erythema, edema, and increased epidermal thickening), and are more potent at inducing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines by keratinocytes (Muhammad et al, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Immune Suppression by Dermal Application of JP-8 Jet Fuel

Ullrich¹

2008

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Inhibition of jet fuel aliphatic hydrocarbon induced toxicity in human epidermal keratinocytes

Inman

Monteiro‐Riviere

Riviere

2007

J of Applied Toxicology

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Jet propellant (JP)-8, the primary jet fuel used by the U.S. military, consists of hydrocarbon-rich kerosene base commercial jet fuel (Jet-A) plus additives DC1-4A, Stadis 450 and diethylene glycol monomethyl ether. Human epidermal keratinocytes (HEK) were exposed to JP-8, aliphatic hydrocarbon (HC) fuel S-8 and aliphatic HC pentadecane (penta), tetradecane (tetra), tridecane (tri) and undecane (un) for 5 min. Additional studies were conducted with signal transduction pathway blockers parthenolide (P; 3.0 microm), isohelenin (I; 3.0 microm), SB 203580 (SB; 13.3 microm), substance P (SP; 3.0 microm) and recombinant human IL-10 (rHIL-10; 10 ng ml(-1)). In the absence of inhibitors, JP-8 and to a lesser extent un and S-8, had the greatest toxic effect on cell viability and inflammation suggesting, as least in vitro, that synthetic S-8 fuel is less irritating than the currently used JP-8. Each inhibitor significantly (P < 0.05) decreased HEK viability. DMSO, the vehicle for P, I and SB, had a minimal effect on viability. Overall, IL-8 production was suppressed at least 30% after treatment with each inhibitor. Normalizing data relative to control indicate which inhibitors suppress HC-mediated IL-8 to control levels. P was the most effective inhibitor of IL-8 release; IL-8 was significantly decreased after exposure to un, tri, tetra and penta but significantly increased after JP-8 exposure compared with controls. Inhibitors were not effective in suppressing IL-8 release in JP-8 exposures to control levels. This study shows that inhibiting NF-kappa B, which appears to play a role in cytokine production in HC-exposed HEK in vitro, may reduce the inflammatory effect of HC in vivo.

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The cytotoxicity of volatile JP-8 jet fuel components in keratinocytes

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

The distribution and excretion of 1-Methylnaphthalene in rats exposed to 1-Methylnaphthalene by inhalation

The distribution and excretion of 1-Methylnaphthalene in rats exposed to 1-Methylnaphthalene by inhalation

Immune Suppression by Dermal Application of JP-8 Jet Fuel

Inhibition of jet fuel aliphatic hydrocarbon induced toxicity in human epidermal keratinocytes

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