The dark side of knowledge transfer: Exploring knowledge leakage in joint R&amp;D projects

Frishammar, Johan; Ericsson, Kristian; Patel, Pankaj C.

doi:10.1016/j.technovation.2015.01.001

Cited by 143 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 97 publications

(135 reference statements)

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“…On the other hand, FAR has many uncertainties to adequately protect innovation performance that is derived from inventive capacity. Followers or competitors can advance their existing products or develop innovative products when knowledge is disclosed through formal mechanisms, which consequently leads to SMEs not achieving monopoly rents [37]. In the case of absorptive capacity, IAR is a relevant protection mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SME’s Appropriability Regime for Sustainable Development-the Role of Absorptive Capacity and Inventive Capacity

et al. 2016

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SMEs need to protect their innovation outcomes and increase profits from their innovations in order to make their growth sustainable. The appropriability regime enables SMEs to secure financial returns on their R&D investment so that SMEs can continuously invest in innovation and obtain financial gains. However, the appropriability regime can change the effects of protecting innovation outcomes depending on the capacity of knowledge exploration, especially for SMEs, and previous studies have not discussed these issues. Thus, the main objective of this paper is to explore how the knowledge exploration capacity affects the relationship between different types of appropriability regimes and innovation performance. Multivariate regression is used to analyze the manufacturing SMEs sampled from the Korea Innovation Survey 2007 (KIS 2007). Our results demonstrate that both formal and informal appropriability regimes can improve firm's innovation performance. Furthermore, although both inventive and absorptive capacity have positive moderating effects on the relationship between the informal appropriability regime and innovation performance, the inventive capacity moderates negatively the relationship between the formal appropriability regime and innovation performance. As a whole, the significance of this paper lies in providing further understanding of the different types of appropriability regimes and knowledge exploration capacity in SMEs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In conclusion, FAR has many uncertainties to adequately protect SMEs' innovative inventions caused by outbound knowledge spillovers [36,37].…”

Section: The Moderating Role Of Inventive Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

SME’s Appropriability Regime for Sustainable Development-the Role of Absorptive Capacity and Inventive Capacity

et al. 2016

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“…This is a deeply rooted concern of firm managers highlighting that engaging in external knowledge sharing might come with the cost of risking appropriability (Cassiman and Veugelers, ; Alexy et al, ; Henkel et al, ) acting as a deterrent for firms to enter into collaboration settings in the first place (Hamel, ; Heiman and Nickerson, ; Ritala and Hurmelinna‐Laukkanen, ) since particularly innovative firms might lose their competitive advantage position without receiving benefits in return (Ritala et al, ). Frishammar et al (), however, found that a firm's core know‐how may leak to its partners without weakening the firm's competitive situation, while leakage of other, non‐core knowledge may have serious negative consequences for the focal firm's competitive position—depending on the specific knowledge base of the respective partner, especially the one of competitors (Hurmelinna‐Laukkanen and Olander, ). Nonetheless, knowledge leakage that is unconscious, uncontrolled and beneficial to only one party facilitates imitation of a firm's technology, products or services.…”

Section: Literature Review and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How open is too open? The mitigating role of appropriation mechanisms in R&D cooperation settings

2016

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In this article, we investigate the influence of firms’ R&D cooperation activities on their likelihood to experience imitation. Analyses of firm‐level survey data concerning the R&D cooperation behavior of 2,797 German firms reveal that companies engaging in R&D cooperation face significantly more imitation than their peers that do not cooperate on R&D. Further, we show that cooperation with all potential collaboration partner types except universities and research institutions and in all phases of the innovation process increases the risk of imitation. While we find evidence that intellectual property rights (IPR) generally work well as governance mechanisms moderating the relationship between R&D cooperation and imitation, contracts do not. Hence, IPR apparently provide better protection against imitation than contracts. Our findings indicate that the risks associated with firms’ increased engagement in R&D cooperation could eventually harm the production of new knowledge.

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“…A key argument in this regard is based on the fact that firms are not only receivers but also sources of knowledge spillovers (ANGELI et al, 2013;FRISHAMMAR et al, 2015). Collocation and direct interaction not only facilitate the transfer of complex knowledge but also tend to exacerbate the risk of negative knowledge externalities in the form of knowledge leaking (SAMMARRA and BIGGIERO, 2008).…”

Section: Firm Heterogeneity and Local Knowledge Spilloversmentioning

confidence: 99%

Firm performance in the periphery: on the relation between firm-internal knowledge and local knowledge spillovers

Grillitsch

Nilsson

2016

Regional Studies

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This paper challenges one of the fundamental propositions within economic geography; that location in knowledge regions contributes to firm performance in general and especially for knowledge intensive firms that compete on the basis of knowledge. Our analysis of Swedish micro-data on 32,535 firms from 2004-2011 provides evidence that knowledge intensive firms benefit less from local knowledge spillovers than firms with comparably low in-house knowledge. This suggests that firms with high internal competencies can compensate for a lack of local knowledge spillovers and that negative knowledge externalities may make location outside knowledge centers more beneficial for such firms. One of the most established arguments in regional studies is that knowledge dynamics shape the geography of economic activities and, more specifically, that knowledge intensive activities benefit from collocation due to knowledge spillovers, local buzz and access to labor.This implies that knowledge-intensive firms should be less competitive in regions with low knowledge intensity. There are, however, competing arguments that knowledge intensive firms suffer more from negative spillovers and are less dependent on local knowledge sources than often presumed. This paper investigates these competing propositions based on Swedish micro-data comprising 32,535 firms from 2004-2011. It provides strong evidence for a negative relationship between the knowledge intensity of firms and local knowledge spillovers. While firms with weak internal knowledge grow faster in knowledge intensive regions, this growth difference disappears or is even reversed for knowledge intensive firms.

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The dark side of knowledge transfer: Exploring knowledge leakage in joint R&D projects

Cited by 143 publications

References 97 publications

SME’s Appropriability Regime for Sustainable Development-the Role of Absorptive Capacity and Inventive Capacity

SME’s Appropriability Regime for Sustainable Development-the Role of Absorptive Capacity and Inventive Capacity

How open is too open? The mitigating role of appropriation mechanisms in R&D cooperation settings

Firm performance in the periphery: on the relation between firm-internal knowledge and local knowledge spillovers

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