The Date of the Battle of Kos

Reger, Gary

doi:10.31826/9781463237547-004

Cited by 5 publications

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“…61 The dating of the battle near the coast of Kos is a subject of an ongoing debate; the most likely suggestions are 261 or 255, cf. Tarn 1909;Bikerman 1938: 371;Peremans 1939;Heinen 1972: 193-197;Buraselis 1982: 146-151;Reger 1985;Hammond -Walbank 1988: 595-599. This is written with an assumption that the battle of Kos took place in the 250s, since no additional information exists about Antigonus Gonatas' involvement in the conflict.…”

Section: Tomasz Grabowskimentioning

confidence: 99%

The Activity of Ptolemy II’s Fleet in the Aegean Sea

Grabowski¹

2020

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Ptolemy I, the founder of the Lagid dynasty, heavily invested in the navy and thus established the Ptolemies as a formidable sea power, his work continued by his successor Ptolemy II Philadelphus, who employed his fleet to pressure lesser powers of the Mediterranean. The following article examines the activity of Ptolemy II’s fleet in the Aegean Sea. At the end of the 270s, Ptolemy II sent a naval expedition to the Black Sea; the operation helped him establish a political relationship with Byzantion and demonstrated that maintaining a naval presence on foreign waters could influence other rulers to favor the Ptolemies. The Ptolemaic fleet under Ptolemy II Philadelphus operated in the Aegean during two major international conflicts, the Chremonidean War and the Second Syrian War. In this article I argue that the surviving evidence on the Chremonidean War indicates that Ptolemy II’s aim was not to subdue Greece or even Macedonia but to maintain the Ptolemaic hold over the Aegean with Egypt’s relatively small naval force under Patroclus. In turn, the outcome of the Second Syrian War led to a considerable weakening of the Lagids’ position in the Aegean. Ptolemy II adroitly cultivated international relations through diplomacy, propaganda, international euergetism and spreading his dynastic cult; sending the Ptolemaic fleet to patrol foreign seas constituted one crucial instrument Philadelphus could employ to shift the Mediterranean balance of power in his favor.

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Section: Tomasz Grabowskimentioning

confidence: 99%

The Activity of Ptolemy II’s Fleet in the Aegean Sea

Grabowski¹

2020

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“…Some scholars place the battle in context of the ending of the Khremonidean War, c. 262 (Bikerman 1938;Heinen, 1972, 193-197;Will 1979, 224-226;Walbank 1982, 220f. ;Reger 1985Reger [1993), while others in context of the II Syrian War, c. 255 (Ferguson 1911, 188-191;Tarn 1928 it leaves the question concerning the battle itself open; for the expression μετά τε τὴν Ἀντιγόνου ναυμαχίαν does not specify whether Antigonos won or lost the battle. As mentioned before, the historical setting, and the context of the whole passage favours the first rather than the second possibility; still, the vagueness of the original text should not be ignored.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The turning point that in fact confirms this interpretation comes in the beginning of the next sentence -"ἀλλ' οὖν ὅμως"; an emphatic phrase that expresses clearly the contrast with what was said before (cf. Reger 1985Reger [1993, 166). Furthermore, it is in this sentence that we finally encounter the expected "official delegation" (ἐπρέσβευσε), which is in fact the object of the contrast -even though he did not wish to meet Antigonos, nor did he seek personal benefits from the potential friendship with him, nevertheless, for the sake of his native Pitane, Arkesilaos did indeed go as an official envoy to Demetrias where he met the king.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, not only could the battle of Kos be dated at any period after the fall of Athens and the end of the Khremonidean War, but at least in theory, even the battle of Andros cannot be excluded as a possible context for the petitions (cf. Reger 1985Reger [1993, 161).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Will 1979, 239; [Hammond &] Walbank 1988, 598), it would most likely have been concluded between Ptolemy II and Rhodes (Bikerman 1938, 381f. ;Reger 1985Reger [1993, 163). For the friendly relations dating back to the end of the IV century were interrupted when Rhodes, for reasons unknown to us, intervened in the II Syrian War on the side of Antiokhos II (Lind.…”

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Επιστόλια Παρακλητικα and the “Liberation” of Athens

Panovski

2023

godzbo

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The paper centres on the historical background in which Athens was "liberated" in c. 255. The first part explores the tenability of the assumption that the "petitions" mentioned by Diogenes Laertios in his biography of Arkesilaos should indeed be placed in the context of the "liberation" of Athens. The analysis of the chapter, as well as the particular phrase, points towards a rather different conclusion -that we are dealing with private petitions, and therefore the information should not be associated with the "liberation" of Athens; consequently, that there is no correlation with the question for the date of the battle of Kos. The second part focuses on the causes for Antigonos' decision to "liberate" Athens; i.e., the conjecture that this decision stemmed from the victory at Kos. The analysis of the sources shows that even though the conjecture cannot be ruled out, it cannot be proven either. Lastly, an alternative context for the "liberation" of Athens is offered.

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Socially Embedded Benefaction on Delos

Tully¹

2021

Benefactors and the Polis

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The Date of the Battle of Kos

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

The Activity of Ptolemy II’s Fleet in the Aegean Sea

The Activity of Ptolemy II’s Fleet in the Aegean Sea

Επιστόλια Παρακλητικα and the “Liberation” of Athens

Socially Embedded Benefaction on Delos

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