The day-residue and dream-lag effects: A literature review and limited replication of two temporal effects in dream formation.

Nielsen, Toré; Powell, Russell A.

doi:10.1037/h0094348

Cited by 71 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This is in keeping with both the day residue (Freud, 1900;Nielsen & Powell, 1992;Powell, Nielsen, Cheung, & Cervenka, 1995), and dream lag (Blagrove et al, 2011a(Blagrove et al, , 2011bNielsen, Kuiken, Alain, Stenstrom, & Powell, 2004) effects. Analyses in the present study illustrated the predominance of waking-life interpersonal relationships being represented in dreams, and to a lesser extent but still common waking-life concerns about work or studying, but financial worries in dreams were relatively rare.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Dreaming and personality: Wake-dream continuity, thought suppression, and the Big Five Inventory

Malinowski

2015

Consciousness and Cognition

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Studies have found relationships between dream content and personality traits, but there are still many traits that have been underexplored or have had questionable conclusions drawn about them. Experimental work has found a 'rebound' effect in dreams when thoughts are suppressed prior to sleep, but the effect of trait thought suppression on dream content has not yet been researched. In the present study participants (N=106) reported their Most Recent Dream, answered questions about the content of the dream, and completed questionnaires measuring trait thought suppression and the 'Big Five' personality traits. Of these, 83 were suitably recent for analyses. A significant positive correlation was found between trait thought suppression and participants' ratings of dreaming of waking-life emotions, and high suppressors reported dreaming more of their waking-life emotions than low suppressors did. The results may lend support to the compensation theory of dreams, and/or the ironic process theory of mental control.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Dreaming and personality: Wake-dream continuity, thought suppression, and the Big Five Inventory

Malinowski

2015

Consciousness and Cognition

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“…The characteristic distribution of the results for the last week before the occurrence of the dream is consistent with the results of numerous studies (e.g., Nielsen & Powell, 1992;Marquardt et al, 1996;Nielsen et al, 2004). Such results can be linked to a common mistake that results from referring to an external week scale, a mistake that people frequently make when they try to arrange the time of previous events (Stawiska, 2000;after: Maruszewski 2011).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…A number of studies (e.g., Nielsen & Powell, 1992;Marquardt, Bonato, & Hoffmann, 1996;Blagrove et al, 2011) on temporal characteristics of dreams pointed to the existence in dreams a significant representation of recent events, especially from the previous day (the so-called day-residue effect) and events that occured one week before (the so-called dream-lag effect). According to the SMS theoretical model, during dreaming information that pertain to personal goals become integrated into the structures of the autobiographical knowledge, which, when the person is awake, can be difficult to accomplish, due to the engagement of the SMS in conscious processes of monitoring the reality (Horton et al, 2009).…”

Section: Temporal Characteristic Of Dreamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dream emotionality. Selected formal properties of dreams

Grzywacz¹

2015

Polish Psychological Bulletin

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The aim of the study was to verify hypotheses about time changeability of dream characteristics depending on the participants’ age and affective value of the dream. The study was conducted online. Participants of the study were 68 individuals between the age of 17 and 85. The participants were asked to prepare detailed descriptions of their dreams, next they had to identify elements of the dreams, refer them to their real life, and assess their affective value. In the dreams of late adolescents, and young and middle-aged adults the most frequently recalled period in a positive context turned out to be late adolescence and early adulthood, whereas in a negative context the participants would recall their present developmental phase and the period of late childhood. Unpleasant dreams of older individuals were mainly connected with the period of middle adulthood, whereas those pleasant ones referred to various periods of their entire life.

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“…collection, this low rate may also be attributed to the delay in Awakenings are carried out approximatively 8 min after the the incorporation of presleep experiences which had been onset of REM periods. Recorded reports are transcribed for observed in other instances (for example, Cartwright et al subsequent analysis with no indices of subject and condition 1969; Nielsen & Powell 1992) and particularly in the coloured identification. goggles study of Roffwarg et al (1978).…”

Section:  Dream Content Rem Sleep Visual Inversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The interpretation that help during the experimentation, David Foulkes and Nancy this may be a manifestation of delayed inclusion of presleep Kerr for their comments on this manuscript. experiences in dreams (Jouvet 1979;Nielsen & Powell 1992) is undermined by the distribution of the incorporations across the experimental periods. It should be recalled that most of REFERENCES the incorporations occurred during the first of two nights of Allen, S.R., Oswald, I., Lewis, S. and Tagney, J.…”

Section: Acknowledgements Incorporations Of Visual Inversions By Onlymentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical inversion of the visual field and REM sleep mentation

Koninck

Prévost²,

Lortie‐Lussier³

1996

Journal of Sleep Research

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SUMMARYThe effects of the vertical inversion of the visual field on REM sleep mental activity were examined to explore the potential involvement of this activity in information processing. In a first experiment, four male subjects slept in the laboratory for two sessions of 6 consecutive nights: 2 adaptation nights, 2 nights of polysomnography and 2 nights of dream collection. During the days preceding Nights 3, 4, 5, 6 of each session, the subjects wore glasses which, during the second session, completely inverted (rotation of 180°) their visual field. In a second experiment with four other male subjects, the order of conditions was reversed and the experimental condition (visual inversion) was introduced twice. The data of the two experiments were combined. Overall, following visual inversion, there were significant increases in the proportion of dreams containing motor and visual difficulties (P<0.005), misfortunes (P<0.05) and dreamer confusion (P<0.05) and a decrease in dreamer participation (P<0.05).Only 4 of the 8 subjects experienced incorporations of the inverted visual field into their dreams and they tended to perform better on two of three tests of adaptation to the visual inversion. The observed changes in dreams are consistent with the notion of continuity between waking and dreaming since they appear to reflect the waking preoccupation and psychological state associated with visual inversion.  dream content, REM sleep, visual inversionThe possibility that REM sleep is involved in information inversion. In this situation, which was studied notably by processing and memory consolidation has received considerable Kö hler (1964), subjects must reorganize their visual perception theoretical and empirical attention (for example see reviews by and motor coordination. Zimmerman et al. observed that McGrath & Cohen 1978; Smith , 1993. Many studies subjects wearing inverting prisms during daytime experienced have indeed reported increases in REM sleep percentages and a significant increase in REM sleep during adjacent nights eye movement density following enhanced learning conditions compared to pre and post experimental nights. However, (for examples, Smith & Lapp 1986 De Koninck et al. Allen et al. (1972) were not able to replicate the observations 1989). While many authors have considered the dreaming of Zimmerman et al. (1970) when they controlled for activity associated with REM sleep as a component of restriction of the visual field, weight of the inverting prisms information processing (for example Greenberg 1981), and day activities. Other factors were not controlled, however. empirical examination of dream content following intensive For example, some of their subjects experienced stress and learning conditions is lacking. In a recent report, the results nausea which could explain the lack of increase in the of two studies of the effects of inversion of the visual field on amount of REM sleep following visual inversion. Two studies REM sleep were presented (De Koninck & Prévost 1991).wi...

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The day-residue and dream-lag effects: A literature review and limited replication of two temporal effects in dream formation.

Cited by 71 publications

References 17 publications

Dreaming and personality: Wake-dream continuity, thought suppression, and the Big Five Inventory

Dreaming and personality: Wake-dream continuity, thought suppression, and the Big Five Inventory

Dream emotionality. Selected formal properties of dreams

Vertical inversion of the visual field and REM sleep mentation

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