“…Numerous studies have also shown the effects of diverse political variables on presidential decision-making, such as president-government party relations (Corrales 2000(Corrales , 2002, the socioeconomic nature of reform coalitions (Schamis, 1999;Etchemendy, 2001), union political strategies (Murillo, 2001), political party types (Levitsky, 2003), legislative career patterns (Ames, 2001;Samuels, 2003), constitutional powers (Negretto, 2006), public opinion standing (Stokes, 2001;Echegaray, 2005), and presidential leadership (Novaro and Palermo 1996;Whitehead, 2010). These works have demonstrated that while presidential administrations in Latin America differ in their outcomes, their stability and even their survival (Pérez-Liñán, 2007), these differences are underpinned by common variables and processes.…”