The declining status of Italian as a language of scientific communication and the issue of diglossia in scientific communities

Calaresu, Emilia Maria

doi:10.1515/ijsl.2011.032

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…While the United Kingdom and Germany had a relatively stable production of articles, Italy and France increased their scientific output. A likely explanation for this trend is a shift from the domestic language to English in scientific writing (Butler 2000; Calaresu 2011). In the Nordic countries, Denmark has demonstrated an impressive growth of ophthalmologic scientific production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide ophthalmological research production 2000–2020, with special focus on the Nordic contribution

Bro¹

2022

Acta Ophthalmologica

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Purpose: To explore the trends in worldwide ophthalmic research production over a 21-year period in relation to journals, contributing countries and dominating topics with special focus on the Nordic region. Methods: Articles published between 2000 and 2020 in 20 top-ranked ophthalmology journals were included. Number of articles and impact points were measured per country for each year. The most frequently occurring keywords were calculated worldwide and for the top five contributing countries and the Nordic countries. Trends were explored using linear regression.Results: The analysis included 65 220 articles. Linear regression showed an increase with 56 articles per year (b = 56.3, R 2 = 0.72, p-value < 0.01). The United States published the most articles, comprising 35% of the worldwide total, followed by the United Kingdom (9%) and Japan (7%). Population-adjusted productivity revealed that Iceland was the most prolific country with 10 articles per million inhabitants/year. Singapore was second and Denmark third with corresponding numbers of nine and seven. Analysing regional trends, Asia had the largest increase in yearly number of articles (b = 29.1, R 2 = 0.89, p-value < 0.01). The strongest positive trend was observed in China (b = 15.7, R 2 = 0.94, p-value < 0.01). The Nordic countries contributed with 3.6% of worldwide ophthalmological papers. Among these, Denmark was the only country with a significant positive trend in impact points per million inhabitants per year (b = 0.6, R 2 = 0.54, p-value < 0.01). The most frequently occurring eye disease within the whole time frame was myopia (5.8%) followed by macular degeneration (5.4%) and glaucoma (5.3%). Linear regression showed a significant increase in the proportion of articles about diabetic retinopathy (b = 0.2%, R 2 = 0.88, p-value < 0.01) a significant decrease in the proportion in articles about cataract (b = À0.1%, R 2 = 0.70, p-value < 0.01) and myopia (b = À0.1%, R 2 = 0.67, p-value < 0.01). Conclusions:The worldwide ophthalmic research productivity has maintained a growing trend from 2000 to 2020. While North America and Europe are the major contributors, the scientific activity in Asia and especially China is growing impressively. With the current progress, Asia is forecast to outweigh Europe in 2025 and North America in 2033. Diabetic retinopathy was the most common eye disease in ophthalmologic papers in 2020, and also the topic with the strongest positive trend during 2000-2020.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide ophthalmological research production 2000–2020, with special focus on the Nordic contribution

Bro¹

2022

Acta Ophthalmologica

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“…Interestingly, convergence was found in “the degree to which the text is given agency.” In an attempt to highlight the difference between self-translation and other mainstream types of translation, Santoyo (2010) notes that self-translators are free to create a different version of the original text. Since self-translation takes place between languages with asymmetric relationship in academic contexts (English vs. other languages), it is argued, therefore, that a new type of diglossia is created where languages other than English are increasingly becoming “minority languages in academic settings” (Calaresu, 2011; Pisanski Peterlin, 2019, p. 849).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Intricacies in English Passive Construction Translation in Research Articles’ Abstracts by Arab Author-Translators

Zumor

2021

Sage Open

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Self-translation of academic texts has received little attention thus far in literature, particularly in terms of how cross-linguistic features are rendered into target language. This study undertakes to examine the various linguistic strategies of rendering English passive structures by Arab academics when they translate their research articles’ abstracts (RAAs) into Arabic. Fifty-one English abstracts with their Arabic translations were collected from Languages, Humanities and Social Sciences journals published in different Arab universities. To analyze the collected data, #LancsBox 4.5 Lancaster University corpus tool was used to identify the English passive structures (208 instances) and to analyze some of their Arabic translations. The most interesting finding is that the Arabic linguistic alternatives diverge from the English passive structures and they include the use of Arabic active verbs, Arabic periphrastic constructions, Arabic passive verbs, and Arabic verbal nouns. The results cast a new light on the use of periphrastic structures. While the literature usually refers to the occurrence of this structure in journalistic Arabic, this study provides evidence of its occurrence in academic texts in almost 22% of the corpus. The increasing use of this strategy is a feature of Modern Standard Arabic as discovered in some corpora. The study supported the argument that Arabic does not avoid passive verb forms in academic discourse but expresses them by using stylistically different strategies.

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“…The domain of science has been specially hit by the spread of English, above all in written communication. The winning models of the Anglo-Saxon scientific culture have marginalized other language traditions and led to the Francesca Santulli, IULM University decline of important European languages -like French, German or Italianwhich used to enjoy high status and prestige (Ammon 2001;Truchot 2001;Gardt and Hüppauf 2004;Calaresu 2011). The internationalization of science has turned into an overwhelming process of Anglicization, which has gradually extended from research proper to academic contexts in general, involving specialized communication as well as instruction and training (Kruseman 2003;Béacco et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

English-Medium Instruction in European Higher Education

Dimova¹,

Hultgren²,

Jensen³

2015

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The declining status of Italian as a language of scientific communication and the issue of diglossia in scientific communities

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Worldwide ophthalmological research production 2000–2020, with special focus on the Nordic contribution

Worldwide ophthalmological research production 2000–2020, with special focus on the Nordic contribution

Exploring Intricacies in English Passive Construction Translation in Research Articles’ Abstracts by Arab Author-Translators

English-Medium Instruction in European Higher Education

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