The Decreasing Prevalence of the Arcuate Foramen

Sanchis‐Gimeno, Juan A.; Llidó, Susanna; Miquel-Feutch, Marcos; Quiles-Guiñau, Laura; Ríos, Luis; Murillo-Llorente, María Teresa; Pérez-Bermejo, Marcelino; Nalla, Shahed

doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2017.10.037

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…So, under this condition, the pedicle screw of C 1 might be an alternative. PP is the osseous variation of vertebral artery V3 segment and it is also a risk factor for inserting a screw into the atlas 7,21–24 , especially for the pedicle screws, since the existence of PP does not make it easy to observe the upper wall of posterior arch of C 1 . For these reasons, when the variation of PP was observed, the entry point of C 1 fixation screws should be selected more cautiously in order to avoid the injury to the VA 25 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical Variations of the Vertebral Artery: Analysis by Three‐Dimensional Computed Tomography Angiography in Chinese Population

Wang

Ren

Liang

et al. 2021

Orthopaedic Surgery

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Objective: To analyze the anatomical variations of V3 and V2 segments of the vertebral artery in the Chinese population.Methods: The current retrospective study was an observational, anatomical, radiological research. Between 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2019, the data of 589 continuous head-and-neck three-dimensional computed tomography angiography were observed and analyzed using the open-source software of Horos. There were 415 males and 174 females with an average age of 44.63 AE 2.5(18-74) years. The variations of the V3 segment were defined as persistent first intersegmental artery (PFIA) and paracondylar processes (PP). The variations of V2 segments were unusual vertebral artery entrance transverse foreman (UE-V2S) and midline migration (MM). The incidences of all variations were summarized and the gender, side characters were compared.Results: Among the patients, 4.34% (18/415) males and 4.60% (8/174) females were with the variation of PFIA.Meanwhile, 12.29% (51/415) males and 10.92% (19/174) females were with the variation of PP. Then 18.80% (78/415) males and 16.67% (29/174) females were with UE-V2S. All the variations above were not different in genders. As for the variation of MM, 3.86% (16/415) males and 8.62% (15/174) females were identified, and the difference of genders was significant for this type of variation (P < 0.05). The differences between each side were also observed and analyzed for all variations and no differences were found. Conclusion:There are several variations of V3 and V2 segments of the vertebral artery are associated with the cervical surgeries, most were without differences in genders and sides, except the variation of MM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical Variations of the Vertebral Artery: Analysis by Three‐Dimensional Computed Tomography Angiography in Chinese Population

Wang

Ren

Liang

et al. 2021

Orthopaedic Surgery

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“…Although the arcuate foramen has been intensively investigated, the mechanism of variation in the pathology is not clearly understood 2, 5–7 . Previous studies have examined the arcuate foramen as a rare variation, but the prevalence has increased in recent years as clinicians and radiologists have placed a large focus on this anomaly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanism of the variation is not clearly understood. Based on the literature, ossification of the connective tissue surrounding the vertebral artery or the lower edge of the atlanto‐occipital membrane might be one of the possible reasons for the variation 2, 5 . Some researchers believe that the arcuate foramen seems to be produced by the persistence of a vestigial structure lost during hominoid evolution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple Fractures of Cervical Vertebrae Combined with Arcuate Foramen and Vertebral Artery Occlusion: A Case Report and Literature Review

Wang

Liu

Guo

et al. 2020

Orthopaedic Surgery

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Background The arcuate foramen is a complete or partial bony bridge over the vertebral artery groove of atlas. The mechanism of the arcuate foramen is not clearly understood. Omission of the arcuate foramen sometimes causes lethal iatrogenic injury during spinal surgery. Case Presentation We describe a patient who was diagnosed with multiple fractures of the cervical vertebrae, arcuate foramen, and right vertebral artery occlusion based on clinical and radiological exams. After conservative treatment, he resumed a normal and productive life. Conclusions Arcuate foramen is a common variation that causes symptoms such as dizziness, headache, and migraine. If the patient does not develop severe symptoms, conservative treatment can achieve very good results without the necessity to remove the bone bridge. When serious symptoms occur, surgical treatment to resect the bony ridges can relieve the symptoms dramatically.

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“…Posterior ponticle, also known as foramen arcuale, is an anatomic variant of the atlas which is usually not evaluated in studies assessing the cervical region. Nonetheless, it has an important clinical significance since it has been associated with symptoms such as headache, vertebral artery dissection, and neck, shoulder, and arm pain (Sanchis-Gimeno et al, 2018). Hoenig and Schoener (1992) reported that posterior ponticle represented 37% of the CVA of the group with cleft and was the most common CVA of their study.…”

Section: Schonermentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Assessment of Cervical Vertebrae Anomalies in Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate

Barbosa

Pimenta

Tyndall

et al. 2020

The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal

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Objective: To evaluate the occurrence of cervical vertebrae anomalies (CVA) in patients with unilateral (UCLP) and bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) examinations. Design: Retrospective assessment of CBCT images. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Fisher exact test or χ2 test was performed to evaluate the differences among each CVA between sex and type of cleft. Setting: School of Dentistry. Participants: One hundred fifty-one patients with cleft lip and palate (103 UCLP/48 BCLP). Interventions: No relevant intervention. Main Outcome Measures: Cone beam computed tomography images were assessed for the presence or absence of 12 most commonly observed CVA: spina bifida, dehiscence, cleft of the posterior arch, cleft of the anterior arch, fusion between cervical vertebrae, block fusion, occipitalization, narrowing of the intervertebral space, posterior ponticle, os odontoideum, ossiculum terminale, and subdental cartilaginous remnants. Results: The presence of subdental cartilaginous remnants was the most frequently observed alteration—found in 81.45% of the sample—and it was the only CVA with statistically significant frequencies in the individuals with BCLP. Considering only the other CVA, 22.51% presented 1 and 5.29% presented 2 or more CVA. Conclusions: Patients with cleft lip and palate may present an overall high incidence of CVAs. However, when comparing the distribution of the CVAs among sex and types of cleft, the only significant difference noted was a higher incidence of subdental cartilaginous remnants among patients with BCLP.

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The Decreasing Prevalence of the Arcuate Foramen

Cited by 8 publications

References 17 publications

Anatomical Variations of the Vertebral Artery: Analysis by Three‐Dimensional Computed Tomography Angiography in Chinese Population

Anatomical Variations of the Vertebral Artery: Analysis by Three‐Dimensional Computed Tomography Angiography in Chinese Population

Multiple Fractures of Cervical Vertebrae Combined with Arcuate Foramen and Vertebral Artery Occlusion: A Case Report and Literature Review

Three-Dimensional Assessment of Cervical Vertebrae Anomalies in Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate

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