The degrees of polymerization and N-acetylation of chitosan determine its ability to elicit callose formation in suspension cells and protoplasts of Catharanthus roseus

Kauss, Heinrich; Jeblick, Wolfgang; Domard, Alain

doi:10.1007/bf00391866

Cited by 198 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…ing in the nanomolar range (Vander, 1995), as reported for suspension-cultured cells of tomato and rice (Felix et al, 1993;Yamada et al, 1993). In contrast, the observed elicitor activity of highly deacetylated chitosan polymers and the inactivity of GlcN oligomers may be explained by a mechanism independent of specific receptors (Kauss et al, 1989). The polycationic polymers may interact with negatively charged phospholipids, thus disturbing the integrity of the plant plasma membrane.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Comparison of the Ability of Partially N-Acetylated Chitosans and Chitooligosaccharides to Elicit Resistance Reactions in Wheat Leaves

et al. 1998

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Chitin, a linear polysaccharide composed of (134)-linked 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-␤-D-glucopyranose (GlcNAc) residues, and chitosan, the fully or partially N-acetylated, water-soluble derivative of chitin composed of (134)-linked GlcNAc and 2-amino-2-deoxy-␤-D-glucopyranose (GlcN), have been proposed as elicitors of defense reactions in higher plants. We tested and compared the ability of purified (134)-linked oligomers of GlcNAc (tetramer to decamer) and of GlcN (pentamer and heptamer) and partially N-acetylated chitosans with degrees of acetylation (DA) of 1%, 15%, 35%, 49%, and 60% and average degrees of polymerization between 540 and 1100 to elicit phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and peroxidase (POD) activities, lignin deposition, and microscopically and macroscopically visible necroses when injected into the intercellular spaces of healthy, nonwounded wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) leaves. Purified oligomers of (134)-linked GlcN were not active as elicitors, whereas purified oligomers of (134)-linked GlcNAc with a degree of polymerization > 7 strongly elicited POD activities but not PAL activities. Partially N-acetylated, polymeric chitosans elicited both PAL and POD activities, and maximum elicitation was observed with chitosans of intermediate DAs. All chitosans but not the chitin oligomers induced the deposition of lignin, the appearance of necrotic cells exhibiting yellow autofluorescence under ultraviolet light, and macroscopically visible necroses; those with intermediate DAs were most active. These results suggest that different mechanisms are involved in the elicitation of POD activities by GlcNAc oligomers, and of PAL and POD activities by partially N-acetylated chitosan polymers and that both enzymes have to be activated for lignin biosynthesis and ensuing necrosis to occur.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Comparison of the Ability of Partially N-Acetylated Chitosans and Chitooligosaccharides to Elicit Resistance Reactions in Wheat Leaves

et al. 1998

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“…Therefore, it has the potential to become a new class of plant protectant, assisting towards the goal of sustainable agriculture (Bautista-Baños et al 2006). In contrast to chitin, chitosan appears to elicit activity from plant cells via charge–charge interactions with negatively charged phospholipids instead of via a receptor-specific interaction (Kauss et al 1989). The differential expression of key elements under SA and chitosan treatment were investigated by Coqueiro et al (2015) in orange by RNA-seq technology.…”

Section: Biocontrol and Other Agricultural Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitin and chitin-related compounds in plant–fungal interactions

Pusztahelyi

2018

Mycology

153

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Chitin is the second abundant polysaccharide in the world after cellulose. It is a vital structural component of the fungal cell wall but not for plants. In plants, fungi are recognised through the perception of conserved microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) to induce MAMP-triggered immunity (MTI). Chitin polymers and their modified form, chitosan, induce host defence responses in both monocotyledons and dicotyledons. The plants’ response to chitin, chitosan, and derived oligosaccharides depends on the acetylation degree of these compounds which indicates possible biocontrol regulation of plant immune system. There has also been a considerable amount of recent research aimed at elucidating the roles of chitin hydrolases in fungi and plants as chitinase production in plants is not considered solely as an antifungal resistance mechanism. We discuss the importance of chitin forms and chitinases in the plant–fungal interactions and their role in persistent and possible biocontrol.Abbreviations ET, ethylene; GAP, GTPase-activating protein; GEF, GDP/GTP exchange factor; JA, jasmonic acid; LysM, lysin motif; MAMP, microbe-associated molecular pattern; MTI, MAMP-triggered immunity; NBS, nucleotide-binding site; NBS-LRR, nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeats; PM, powdery mildew; PR, pathogenesis-related; RBOH, respiratory burst oxidase homolog; RLK, receptor-like kinase; RLP, receptor-like protein; SA, salicylic acid; TF, transcription factor.

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“…cucumerinum [17]. It is well-known that several oligosaccharides from fungal cell wall components stimulate phytoalexin secretion and lignin or callose formation in plants [19,20]. The present work was aimed to study the possible effects of crude oligosaccharides from Trichoderma spp.…”

Section: * Corresponding Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichoderma oligosaccharides priming mediates resistance responses in pearl millet against downy mildew pathogen

Nandini¹,

Hariprasad²,

Prakash³

et al. 2017

J App Biol Biotech

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Fungal cell wall oligosaccharides are being focused on the biological management of crop diseases by elicitation of defense responses. In the present study, an approach was taken to enhance the pearl millet disease resistance using biotic elicitors for eco-friendly management against downy mildew pathogen through seed priming approach. Crude oligosaccharides extracted from four different Trichoderma spp. enhances the disease protection ability in pearl millet. Seed priming with T. asperellum along with the osmopriming agent, mannitol had shown better protection with improved seedling vigor compared to controls. Modulation of defensive enzymes such as peroxidase and lipoxygenase also confirms the elicitation of resistance responses in the host with increased enzyme activity at different time interval patterns.

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The degrees of polymerization and N-acetylation of chitosan determine its ability to elicit callose formation in suspension cells and protoplasts of Catharanthus roseus

Cited by 198 publications

References 19 publications

Comparison of the Ability of Partially N-Acetylated Chitosans and Chitooligosaccharides to Elicit Resistance Reactions in Wheat Leaves

Comparison of the Ability of Partially N-Acetylated Chitosans and Chitooligosaccharides to Elicit Resistance Reactions in Wheat Leaves

Chitin and chitin-related compounds in plant–fungal interactions

Trichoderma oligosaccharides priming mediates resistance responses in pearl millet against downy mildew pathogen

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