The Demo-CO 2 project: Monitoring and comparison of two shallow subsurface CO 2 leakage experiments with gas tracer associated in the carbonate vadose zone

Rhino, Kevins; Loisy, Corinne; Cérepi, Adrian; Roux, Olivier Le; García, Bruno; Rouchon, Virgile; Noirez, Sonia; Gallo, Clémence Le; Delaplace, Philippe; Willequet, Olivier; Bertrand, C.; Khamlichi, Aïcha El

doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2016.07.032

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…First, considering the media where hydrogen may be stored, a desorption process out of the water liquid phase is viable, with hydrogen mobilizing directly in a vapor phase, or being desorbed out of mineral surfaces like clay minerals. The dynamic process of hydrogen transport may be pure diffusion [15], advection [21], or of mix of diffusion and advection [41]. At this time, it is difficult to assess the relative importance of these different processes for the H 2 molecule, but the consistently different hydrogen emissions observed at a small scale of a single circular structure nonetheless show the complexity of hydrogen leakage mechanisms to the subsurface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural hydrogen continuous emission from sedimentary basins: The example of a Brazilian H2-emitting structure

Prinzhofer

Moretti

Francolin³

et al. 2019

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

112

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et al.. Natural hydrogen continuous emission from sedimentary basins: The example of a Brazilian H2emitting structure. apos;agostino, et al.. Natural hydrogen continuous emission from sedimentary basins: The example of a Brazilian H2-emitting structure. Available online xxx Keywords: Natural hydrogen Soil micro-seeps Hydrogen geochemical soil monitoring São Francisco basin a b s t r a c tHydrogen escaping from sedimentary basins has already been described in various parts of the world. Some of these leakages have been identified by superficial circular depressions, also called "fairy circles". Gas detection measurements, randomly repeated after a few months have shown that the amount of hydrogen present in soils is not constant neither versus time nor versus position in a given structure. Permanent monitoring gas analyzers were installed in the ground to estimate hydrogen flow outgassing from a topographical circular depression located in Brazil. Data show that a hydrogen flux occurs during the hottest moment of the day, as shown with permanent sensors set at a regular spacing. The process may look like a soil evaporation. In that same structure, other detectors show much higher and irregular gas output which present an unclear correlation as a function of ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure. The relationship with temperature suggests a role of water saturation driving the overall hydrogen fluxes. The reported geochemical data imply that (1) one measurement taken at a given hour on a structure cannot be considered as quantitative, as it varies too much with time and is also probably related to the soil perturbation induced by the shallow drilling, (2) hydrogen released through the soils of the studied structure is recharged daily, (3) hydrogen flux is high enough to reach the surface without being buffered by water or bacterial activity within the soil and (4) soil cannot be solely considered as a hydrogen sink but also, at least in some areas, as a hydrogen emitter.This appears to highlight that the subsurface may be considered in this site as a source of natural hydrogen, clearly differentiated from a biochemical system of atmospheric H 2 consumed by bacteria.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural hydrogen continuous emission from sedimentary basins: The example of a Brazilian H2-emitting structure

Prinzhofer

Moretti

Francolin³

et al. 2019

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

112

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“…Successful large scale sequestration projects include the onshore Weyburn Project in Canada (Beaubien et al, 2013), the Sleipner (Baklid et al, 1996) and Snøhvit (Eiken et al, 2011;Maldal and Tappel, 2004) projects in offshore Norway as well as the Demo-CO 2 -Project in the Pyrenean foreland, France (Gal et al, 2014;Rhino et al, 2016). Current storage projects in Australia either under development, in operation or completed are 1) Chevron's Gorgon project in the Carnarvon Basin (Flett et al, 2009;Flett et al, 2008), the CO2CRC Otway (basin) Project (Jenkins et al, 2012), the CarbonNet project in the Gippsland Basin (Feitz et al, 2014) Victoria, the South West Hub Project in the Southern Perth Basin (Stalker et al, 2013) of Western Australia, and the Carbon Transport and Storage Corporation Pty.…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measurement, monitoring and verification (MMV) of CCS is regulated by the Queensland government through the Greenhouse Gas Storage Act 2009 and, depending on the project, can be performed at depth and/or in shallow monitoring stations. Deep monitoring relies on groundwater and seismic techniques (Arts et al, 2004) while shallow assurance monitoring mainly involves shallow groundwater bores (de Caritat et al, 2013;Hortle et al, 2011) and soil gas monitoring (Beaubien et al, 2013;Rhino et al, 2016;Romanak et al, 2014) as well as investigation of anomalies in atmospheric CO 2 concentrations by eddy covariance methods (Lewicki et al 2009;Etheridge et al, 2011).…”

Section: Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prior to monitoring, baseline information is required to give context to the monitoring data to properly identify CO 2 anomalies and their potential source (Cohen et al, 2013;Rhino et al, 2016). Studies monitoring the vadose zone typically involve the measurement of soil gas composition (O 2 , CO 2 , N 2 ) and changes in such can inform on exogenous CO 2 (i.e.…”

Section: Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fractionation processes of δ13C in a soil-shallow groundwater system of a potential CO2 sequestration site: Wandoan, QLD, Australia

Siller

Hofmann

Underschultz

et al. 2018

Applied Geochemistry

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“…The chlorite-cemented cores saturated with scCO2-saturated brine showed lower yielding stress and failure envelope than in-situ stress, as a possible result of the reaction between chlorite and acidic scCO2-brine. In addition, there are CO2 injection tests carried out in shallow wells in carbonate vadose zone, nonetheless, the aim was to monitor the temporal and spatial distribution of the CO2 plume while CO2 was injected as gas [Rillard et al 2015, Rhino et al 2016.…”

Section: Scco2 Injection-induced Fracturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation of injection-induced fracturing during supercritical CO2 sequestration

Wang

Yao

Xie

et al. 2017

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

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Leakage risk assessment is an inevitable procedure in permanent sequestration and storage of CO2 in deep saline aquifers and depleted oil and gas reservoirs, where the integrity of caprock is most critical. Low porosity and low permeability concrete cubes were employed as caprock analogs to investigate the supercritical CO2 injection-induced fracturing processes under true tri-axial stress conditions. A systematic experimental procedure, consisting of active acoustic emission measurement, pressure decay, injection pressure and temperature monitoring, fracture coloring, and gas fracturing, is formulated to qualitatively and quantitatively characterize the injectioninduced fracturing processes and fracture morphology. Occurrence of injection-induced fracturing can be directly identified from peaks of borehole pressure profiles as well as sharp drops on temperature profiles due to CO2 expansion, but generally there was no fracture propagation plateau appearing for the 20 cm rock cubes with zero pore pressure. Acoustic wave signatures, including both waveform change and arrival time delay, can effectively capture the extension of induced fractures inside the opaque rock. Initiation and propagation of supercritical CO2 injection-induced fractures are highly dominated by the tri-axial stresses, following the general trend of continuum mechanics at high stress levels with large stress difference. As the stress difference decreases, induced fractures branch off in relatively arbitrary directions. For these supercritical CO2 injection-induced fracturing experiments, poroelastic mechanics model makes a decent fit with the measured breakdown pressure of the caprock analogs. Findings in this study are valuable for risk analysis and operation optimization of geological CO2 sequestration and storage as well as for CO2 fracturing design and implementation in shale and tight reservoirs.

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The Demo-CO 2 project: Monitoring and comparison of two shallow subsurface CO 2 leakage experiments with gas tracer associated in the carbonate vadose zone

Cited by 13 publications

References 21 publications

Natural hydrogen continuous emission from sedimentary basins: The example of a Brazilian H2-emitting structure

Natural hydrogen continuous emission from sedimentary basins: The example of a Brazilian H2-emitting structure

Fractionation processes of δ13C in a soil-shallow groundwater system of a potential CO2 sequestration site: Wandoan, QLD, Australia

Experimental investigation of injection-induced fracturing during supercritical CO2 sequestration

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