The Demodex mites and their relation with seborrheic and atopic Dermatitis

Tehrani, Setareh; Tizmaghz, Adnan; Shabestanipour, Ghazaal

doi:10.1016/s1995-7645(14)60208-x

Cited by 9 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…None of our other facial dermatoses subgroups had higher mean Dds than the healthy controls, corroborating prior observations showing low Demodex prevalence (47,48) or density (41) in lupus erythematous compared with PPR; low prevalence (13,(49)(50)(51) and normal Dd (8,41,42) in acne vulgaris; no association between presence of Demodex and seborrhoeic dermatitis or atopic dermatitis (52); normal Dds in contact dermatitis (8); no Demodex in the skin or eyelashes of patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis or acne vulgaris contrary to those with rosacea (53); and lower Dds in eyelashes in patients with greasy scales than in those with cylindrical dandruff (54). These observations suggest that Demodex proliferates only in PPR and demodicosis and not in other dermatoses, supporting our hypothesis of a causal relationship in which Demodex drives the inflammatory response: its proliferation is not just an epiphenomenon occurring as a result of an inflammatory process (11,19).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Two Consecutive Standardized Skin Surface Biopsies: An Improved Sampling Method to Evaluate Demodex Density as a Diagnostic Tool for Rosacea and Demodicosis

Forton¹,

Maertelaer²

2017

Acta Derm Venerol

125

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Diagnosing papulopustular rosacea is not always straightforward; no specific diagnostic test is currently available. A high density of Demodex mites is consistently observed in this condition. This retrospective study assesses an improved method for evaluating Demodex density among 1,044 patients presenting to our dermatology practice. The skin was cleaned with ether and Demodex densities were measured in 2 consecutive standardized skin surface biopsies taken from the same site. Mean densities in patients with rosacea and demodicosis were much higher than those in healthy controls and patients with other facial dermatoses. The optimal cut-off values for the 2 biopsies were combined and the resultant criterion (presence of a first biopsy density < 5 Demodex/cm2 or a second biopsy density < 10 Demodex/cm2) enabled confirmation of a diagnosis of rosacea or demodicosis with a sensitivity of 98.7% and specificity of 95.5%, making this a valuable diagnostic tool for dermatologists in routine clinical practice.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Two Consecutive Standardized Skin Surface Biopsies: An Improved Sampling Method to Evaluate Demodex Density as a Diagnostic Tool for Rosacea and Demodicosis

Forton¹,

Maertelaer²

2017

Acta Derm Venerol

125

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“…The prevalence of seborrheic dermatitis in patients with demodicosis was 63.4% and in Demodex negative subjects was 57.9%. The results did not show statistically significant differences between the two groups [ 9 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureus is the most common bacterial agent of the skin flora of patients with seborrheic dermatitis

Tamer

Yüksel

Sarıfakıoğlu³

et al. 2018

Dermatol Pract Concept

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BackgroundSeborrheic dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disease that affects 1–3% of the general population. The Malassezia species has been implicated as the main causative agent; however, the bacterial flora of the skin may also play role in the etiopathogenesis. Therefore, we investigated the most common bacterial agent of the skin flora of patients with seborrheic dermatitis.Materials and MethodsFifty-one patients with seborrheic dermatitis and 50 healthy individuals are included in this study. Sterile cotton swabs were rubbed on the scalp of the participants for bacterial culture. Colonial morphology was identified with gram stain and catalase test.ResultsStaphylococcus aureus was isolated from 25 (49%) patients with seborrheic dermatitis and 10 (20%) healthy individuals within the control group. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were isolated from 24 (47.1%) patients with seborrheic dermatitis and 17 (34%) healthy individuals within the control group. Diphtheroids were present in 2 (3.9%) patients and 1 (2%) subject within the control group. Gram-negative bacilli were present only in 1 (2%) patient. Hemolytic streptococci and bacilli were identified in 1 (2%) subject from each group. Colonization of coagulase-negative staphylococci, diphtheroids, gram-negative bacilli, hemolytic streptococci, and bacillus did not differ between patients and healthy controls. However, S. aureus colonization was significantly more common in patients with seborrheic dermatitis than in healthy controls.ConclusionWithin this study we revealed that S. aureus colonization was significantly higher among the patients. Therefore, we propose that, in addition to the Malassezia species, S. aureus may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of seborrheic dermatitis.

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“…The presence of Demodex mites (Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis) was not associated with an increased prevalence of AD (21).…”

Section: Modulating the Human Microbiome By Pre-and Probioticsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Prebiotics and probiotics in atopic dermatitis (Review)

et al. 2019

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Recent years have brought additional data on the benefits of prebiotics and probiotics treatment in patients with atopic dermatitis. This review includes all the articles published in PubMed, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane databases until 05.06.2018. The terms used for the search were 'prebiotic', 'probiotic', 'atopic dermatitis', 'Severity Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis', and 'SCORAD'. There was an increase of the intestinal permeability reported in patients with atopic dermatitis and a reduction of the cutaneous microbiome diversity. Probiotics modulate the general microbiome and immune status by improving the intestinal barrier; these effects can be responsible for reducing allergic phenomenon and atopic dermatitis severity. We have structured the results by age groups as infants, 1-18 years, adults, and also pregnancy and lactation. Literature does not offer yet answers on the issues such as the optimal dosing, duration needed to see beneficial effects, the optimal time to start the treatment; the personalized use of probiotics according to colonic dysbiosis may be associated with better results. However, most randomized controlled trials and meta-analyzes support the administration of probiotics for at least 8 weeks in order to obtain beneficial effects in improving severity scoring of atopic dermatitis. Contents 1. Introduction 2. Definition of terms 3. Modulating the human microbiome by pre-and probiotics 4. Prebiotic and probiotic in atopic dermatitis 5. The type of probiotics used in clinical trials 6. Prebiotics-mechanism of action 7. Probiotics-mechanism of action 8. Conclusion

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The Demodex mites and their relation with seborrheic and atopic Dermatitis

Abstract: According to the result of this study, the eradication of Demodex mites probably is not effective to reduces the prevalence of both dermatitis. However further investigation on a larger scale in a case-control study in this area is recommended.

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

Two Consecutive Standardized Skin Surface Biopsies: An Improved Sampling Method to Evaluate Demodex Density as a Diagnostic Tool for Rosacea and Demodicosis

Two Consecutive Standardized Skin Surface Biopsies: An Improved Sampling Method to Evaluate Demodex Density as a Diagnostic Tool for Rosacea and Demodicosis

Staphylococcus aureus is the most common bacterial agent of the skin flora of patients with seborrheic dermatitis

Prebiotics and probiotics in atopic dermatitis (Review)

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