The Dentition

Schaefer, Maureen

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-374635-1.00002-3

Cited by 46 publications

(63 citation statements)

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“…Adult age was estimated using standard methods based on morphological changes of the pubic symphysis (Brooks and Suchey 1990) and auricular surface (Lovejoy et al 1985) when available, but cranial suture closure (Meindl and Lovejoy 1985) was used conservatively in individuals lacking observable pelves. Nonadult age was estimated primarily using dental development (AlQahtani et al 2010), and secondarily using long bone lengths and epiphyseal fusion stages (Schaefer et al 2009). Sex was determined only in adults and older adolescents (over 16 years of age) using standard morphological features of the pelvis and cranium (Acsádi and Nemeskéri 1970; Buikstra and Ubelaker 1994; Phenice 1969).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpersonal Violence at Playa Venado, Panama (550–850 Ad): A Reevaluation of the Evidence

Smith-Guzmán

Cooke

2018

Latin Am. antiq.

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Many Spanish chroniclers detail violent cultural practices of the indigenous populations they encountered in the Isthmo-Colombian Area; however, lack of physical evidence of interpersonal violence from archaeological contexts has made uncertain the veracity of these claims. At the precolumbian site of Playa Venado in Panama, these accounts of violent mortuary rituals may have influenced the interpretation of the burials encountered in excavations, leading to claims of mutilations and sacrifice, with little or no supporting evidence. This paper considers the physical evidence for interpersonal violence and sacrificial death at Playa Venado based on the burial positioning, demographic composition, and trauma present on the human remains recovered from the site. Analysis of field notes, excavation photos, and the 77 individuals available for study from the site yielded no evidence of perimortem trauma nor abnormal body positioning unexplained by taphonomy. The demography at the site tracked with normal patterns of natural age-at-death at the non-elite site of Cerro Juan Díaz rather than the abnormal patterns seen at the large ceremonial sites of Sitio Conte and El Caño. Therefore, we propose an alternative interpretation of the site as a non-elite cemetery containing evidence of re-use and secondary burial practices associated with ancestor veneration rituals.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpersonal Violence at Playa Venado, Panama (550–850 Ad): A Reevaluation of the Evidence

Smith-Guzmán

Cooke

2018

Latin Am. antiq.

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“…The age-at-death analysis for the older juvenile was conducted using tooth eruption, whereas the age range for the younger juvenile was constructed using the ossification rate of vertebrae (Wildt 2015, 173). In our reevaluation, an age-at-death estimation was constructed based on an analysis of ossification rates of various skeletal elements following criteria established by Scheuer and Black (2000) and Schaefer and colleagues (2009). Both a closed metopic suture and the lack of an anterior bar on the ventro-lateral aspect of the articular pillar of the first cervical vertebra indicate that the age-at-death of the individual was 2–4 years.…”

Section: The Offering At Los Saposmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the Past: Material Negotiations between the Classic Maya and an Entombed Sweat Bath at Xultun, Guatemala

Clarke

Sharpe²,

Hannigan³

et al. 2020

CAJ

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Large material accumulations from single events found in the archaeological record are frequently defined as evidence of ritual. They are interpreted as generalized deposit categories that imply rather than infer human motivations. While useful in the initial collection of data, these categories can, over time, become interpretations in and of themselves. The emic motivations behind the formation process of ‘ritual deposits’ ought to be considered using a relational ontology as an approach to understanding how past populations interacted with non-human actors, such as structures and natural features on the landscape. The present study evaluates the assembly and possible function of a dense deposit of artifacts recovered from a Classic period sweat bath at Xultun, Guatemala. Analyses of the various artifact types and human remains in the deposit in relation to what is known of the social history of the sweat bath itself illustrate ontological relationships among offered materials as well as between the offering and the personified place in which it was recovered. We observe that with a better understanding of place, it is possible to evaluate the ritual logic in Classic Maya material negotiations.

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“…Most migration studies sample the first molar because the enamel mineralizes during infancy (Schaefer et al 2009), thus providing the most time between birth and burial to identify a change in residence. In this study, second molars and premolars were preferentially selected because they provide limited genetic information for biodistance studies and serve as good proxies for an individual's residence during childhood but after weaning.…”

Section: Sample Selection and Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Colonialism and Population Movement at the Mission San Bernabé, Guatemala

et al. 2020

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Colonialism came late to northern Guatemala. The Spanish began to establish missions in the Peten Lakes region in the early 1700s, nearly 200 years after initial contact with the Mayas. Excavations in 2011–2012 at the Mission San Bernabé revealed European goods, nonnative animal species, and burial patterns that marked a new lifestyle. Who lived at the Mission San Bernabé, and where did they come from? The Spanish resettled indigenous populations to facilitate the colonization process; however, isotopic data are inconsistent with large population movements. Instead, strontium and oxygen isotope values in the tooth enamel and bones of individuals buried at the mission suggest a mostly local population. The data suggest in-migration from Belize, a region under nominal Spanish control, but with pre-Hispanic ties to the Peten. Changes did not come from migrants crossing a border; instead, the border itself moved and brought the colonial world to the Peten Mayas.

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The Dentition

Cited by 46 publications

References 0 publications

Interpersonal Violence at Playa Venado, Panama (550–850 Ad): A Reevaluation of the Evidence

Interpersonal Violence at Playa Venado, Panama (550–850 Ad): A Reevaluation of the Evidence

Revisiting the Past: Material Negotiations between the Classic Maya and an Entombed Sweat Bath at Xultun, Guatemala

Early Colonialism and Population Movement at the Mission San Bernabé, Guatemala

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