The dependence of electromagnetic energy absorption upon human head tissue composition in the frequency range of 300-3000 MHz

Drossos, A.; Santomaa, Veli; Kuster, Niels

doi:10.1109/22.884187

Cited by 188 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Table 1. Tissue thickness in millimeters for different body regions [42,43]. Note that tissues which are only specific to a body region, such as lungs and heart for the thorax, as well as brain and cerebrospinal fluids for the head, have not been included.…”

Section: Uwb Interaction With the Human Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Body Wearable Sensor Position on the UWB Localization Accuracy

et al. 2019

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Over the years, several Ultrawideband (UWB) localization systems have been proposed and evaluated for accurate estimation of the position for pedestrians. However, most of them are evaluated for a particular wearable sensor position; hence, the accuracy obtained is subject to a given wearable sensor position. This paper is focused on studying the effects of body wearable sensor positions i.e., chest, arm, ankle, wrist, thigh, forehead, and hand, on the localization accuracy. According to our results, the forehead and the chest provide the best and worst body sensor location for tracking a pedestrian, respectively. With the wearable sensor at the forehead and chest position, errors lower than 0.35 m (90th percentile) and 4 m can be obtained, respectively. The reason for such a contrast in the performance lies in the fact that, in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) situations, the chest generates the highest multipath of any part of the human body. Thus, the large errors obtained arise due to the signal arriving at the target wearable sensor by multiple reflections from interacting objects in the environment rather than by direct line-of-sight (LOS) or creeping wave propagation mechanism.

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Section: Uwb Interaction With the Human Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Body Wearable Sensor Position on the UWB Localization Accuracy

et al. 2019

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“…The typical range of the thickness of the bone marrow layer in the skull was estimated from the cryosection images of the Visible Human Project (Ackerman 1998). The average thicknesses of the other layers were taken from (Snyder et al 1975, Drossos et al 2000, Seidenari et al 2000. The model was irradiated with dipole antennas operating at 900 MHz and 1800 MHz at a distance of 10 mm.…”

Section: Bone Marrowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-dependent tissue-specific exposure of cell phone users

et al. 2010

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The peak spatial specific absorption rate (SAR) assessed with the standardized specific anthropometric mannequin head phantom has been shown to yield a conservative exposure estimate for both adults and children using mobile phones. There are, however, questions remaining concerning the impact of age-dependent dielectric tissue properties and age-dependent proportions of the skull, face and ear on the global and local absorption, in particular in the brain tissues. In this study, we compare the absorption in various parts of the cortex for different magnetic resonance imaging-based head phantoms of adults and children exposed to different models of mobile phones. The results show that the locally induced fields in children can be significantly higher (>3 dB) in subregions of the brain (cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus) and the eye due to the closer proximity of the phone to these tissues. The increase is even larger for bone marrow (>10 dB) as a result of its significantly high conductivity. Tissues such as the pineal gland show no increase since their distances to the phone are not a function of age. This study, however, confirms previous findings saying that there are no age-dependent changes of the peak spatial SAR when averaged over the entire head.

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“…Table 1. Tissue thickness in millimetres for different body regions [24,25]. Note that tissues which are only specific to a body region such as lungs and heart for the thorax, as well as brain and cerebrospinal fluids for the head, have not been included.…”

Section: The Presence Of the Human Body In Uwb Communicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Body Wearable Sensor Position on the UWB Localization Accuracy

Otim¹,

Díez²,

Bahillo³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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In recent years, several Ultrawideband (UWB) localization systems have already been proposed and evaluated for accurate position estimation of pedestrians. However, most of them are evaluated for a particular wearable sensor position; hence the accuracy obtained is subject to a given wearable sensor position. In this paper, we study the effects of body wearable sensor positions i.e., chest, arm, ankle, wrist, thigh, fore-head, hand, on the localization accuracy. The conclusion drawn is that the fore-head is the best, and the chest is the worst body sensor location for tracking a pedestrian. While the fore-head position is able to set an error lower than 0.35 m (90th percentile), the chest is able to set 4 m. The reason for such a contrast in the performance lies in the fact that in NLOS situations, the chest as an obstacle is larger in size and thickness than any other part of the human body, which the UWB signal needs to overcome to reach the target wearable sensor. And so, the large errors arise due to the signal arriving at the target wearable sensor from reflections of a nearby object or a wall in the environment.

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The dependence of electromagnetic energy absorption upon human head tissue composition in the frequency range of 300-3000 MHz

Cited by 188 publications

References 13 publications

Effects of the Body Wearable Sensor Position on the UWB Localization Accuracy

Effects of the Body Wearable Sensor Position on the UWB Localization Accuracy

Age-dependent tissue-specific exposure of cell phone users

Effects of the Body Wearable Sensor Position on the UWB Localization Accuracy

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