The Depigmenting Effect of RALGA in C57BL/6 Mice

Kasraee, Behrooz; Tran, Christian; Sorg, Olivier; Saurat, J.‐H.

doi:10.1159/000081499

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…According to Kligman's opinion, however, 1% of tretinoin could act as modulator of gene expression, leading to acceleration of epidermal cell turnover, rather than as peeling agent (Kligman, 2004). A synergistic skin-lightening effect can be obtained by the association between retinoids and chemical peels, such as 0.1% retinaldehyde and 6.4% of glycolic respectively (Kasraee et al, 2005).…”

Section: Chemical Peelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypopigmenting agents: an updated review on biological, chemical and clinical aspects

Solano¹,

Briganti²,

Picardo³

et al. 2006

Pigment Cell Research

620

524

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryAn overview of agents causing hypopigmentation in human skin is presented. The review is organized to put forward groups of biological and chemical agents. Their mechanisms of action cover (i) tyrosinase inhibition, maturation and enhancement of its degradation; (ii) Mitf inhibition; (iii) downregulation of MC1R activity; (iv) interference with melanosome maturation and transfer; (v) melanocyte loss, desquamation and chemical peeling. Tyrosinase inhibition is the most common approach to achieve skin hypopigmentation as this enzyme catalyses the rate-limiting step of pigmentation. Despite the large number of tyrosinase inhibitors in vitro, only a few are able to induce effects in clinical trials. The gap between in-vitro and in-vivo studies suggests that innovative strategies are needed for validating their efficacy and safety. Successful treatments need the combination of two or more agents acting on different mechanisms to achieve a synergistic effect. In addition to tyrosinase inhibition, other parameters related to cytotoxicity, solubility, cutaneous absorption, penetration and stability of the agents should be considered. The screening test system is also very important as keratinocytes play an active role in modulating melanogenesis within melanocytes. Mammalian skin or at least keratinocytes/melanocytes co-cultures should be preferred rather than pure melanocyte cultures or soluble tyrosinase.

show abstract

Section: Chemical Peelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypopigmenting agents: an updated review on biological, chemical and clinical aspects

Solano¹,

Briganti²,

Picardo³

et al. 2006

Pigment Cell Research

620

524

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although retinoids are not known to be tyrosinase inhibitors, RA and RAL have been shown to potentiate the depigmenting action of other agents such as hydroquinone [6], 4-hydroxyanisole [7] and glycolic acid [8], probably via a distinct mechanism of action. In our study, the conditions leading to a significant decrease of melanin content did not correlate to a decrease of DOPA oxidase activity, except for RAL ( Table 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides their known biological actions on morphogenesis, cell growth and differentiation, retinoids may have a depigmenting potential, as some of them have been shown to inhibit the pigmentation of human and animal skin, either alone or in combination with other compounds [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Assessment of the Tolerance Profile, the Metabolism and the Potential Depigmenting Activity of New Retinoid Derivatives

Sorg¹,

Kasraee²,

Saurat³

2014

TODDISJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:Background: In spite of the numerous depigmenting agents available, there is an inverse relationship between safety and efficiency. Natural retinoids exert depigmenting activities in vivo, but have a narrow therapeutic window. There is thus a need for a new class of depigmenting agents that would be both safe and useful.Objective: The aim of the study was to analyse the potential interest of new retinoid derivatives as topical depigmenting agents. Methods:The tolerance profile of the new retinoids was analysed in murine BDVII keratinocytes and murine B16 melanocytes using the MTT assay. The uptake and the metabolism of the retinoids were analysed in keratinocytes and melanocytes by HPLC/UV. The cellular content of melanin was determined in melanocytes using a photometric assay.Results: Methyl-and t-butyl-4-oxoretinoate, arbutin retinoate and retinoic acid were shown to have the best depigmenting potential according to the ratio between the IC 50 for MTT assay and that for melanin content. Retinaldehyde, 4-hydroxyretinaldehyde and methyl-4-hydroxyretinoate have a good depigmenting potential too, although the therapeutic window is narrower due to a higher toxicity.Conclusion: 4-Oxoesters of retinoic acid, arbutin retinoate and 4-hydroxyretinaldehyde derivatives offer a new family of depigmenting agents acting via a different pathway than tyrosinase inhibitors.

show abstract

“…melanin production from DOPA in ex vivo epidermis), allowing the morphology of the tissue, the visualization of melanin deposit and melanin-synthesizing melanocytes, respectively [20]. Immunohistochemical labeling using mouse anti-human HMB45 IgG1 antibody (a melanosome marker, Enzo Life Sciences, Lausen, Switzerland) diluted 1:20 was performed on paraffin-embedded tissue samples from reconstructed epidermis and visualized by the immunoperoxidase technique [21].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Combination of a Retinoid, a Phenolic Agent and an Antioxidant Improves Tolerance while Retaining an Optimal Depigmenting Action in Reconstructed Epidermis

et al. 2013

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Cutaneous pigmented lesions urge the need to find safe and effective treatments to lighten the skin. Objective: The aim of this study was to combine a retinoid (retinaldehyde), a new phenolic agent (4-(1-phenylethyl)-resorcinol) and a proreducing agent (δ-tocopheryl-β-D-glucopyranoside) to achieve synergistic actions for skin lightening. Methods: The tolerance profile and the depigmenting properties of these agents were assessed in murine keratinocyte and melanocyte cell lines, as well as in a 3-dimensional model of reconstructed epidermis. Results: Retinaldehyde and 4-(1-phenylethyl)-resorcinol induced a significant decrease of tissue viability in reconstructed epidermis, but this cytotoxicity was prevented by the addition of δ-tocopheryl-β-D-glucopyranoside. The combination of the three agents was, however, efficient in decreasing the specific melanin content and the density of active melanocytes. Conclusion: A combination of various chemicals acting via different mechanisms allows a decrease in the toxicity of each compound alone while retaining optimal skin-lightening properties.

show abstract

The Depigmenting Effect of RALGA in C57BL/6 Mice

Cited by 18 publications

References 32 publications

Hypopigmenting agents: an updated review on biological, chemical and clinical aspects

Hypopigmenting agents: an updated review on biological, chemical and clinical aspects

In Vitro Assessment of the Tolerance Profile, the Metabolism and the Potential Depigmenting Activity of New Retinoid Derivatives

The Combination of a Retinoid, a Phenolic Agent and an Antioxidant Improves Tolerance while Retaining an Optimal Depigmenting Action in Reconstructed Epidermis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About