The Description, Chronology and Correlation of Buried Soils and Cultural Layers in a Terrace Section, Peace River Valley, British Columbia

Valentine, K. W. G.; Fladmark, Knut R.; Spurling, Brian E.

doi:10.4141/cjss80-022

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…For instance, a number of geological studies have dealt specifically with the notion of an ice-free corridor (Catto and Mandryk, 1990;Jackson, 1979bJackson, , 1980bMathews, 1978b;Parris, 1975;Rutter, 1978Rutter, ,1980aRutter, b, 1982Stalker, 1970bStalker, , 1978Stalker, ,1980, and it is these studies which archaeologists have come to rely upon in their own work. Nonetheless, material well suited for dating is often preserved in prehistoric cultural deposits and can provide geologists with much needed chronologic data (e.g., Valentine et al, 1980). Several of the late Pleistocene dates listed in Table I, for instance, are derived from early archaeological sites in the Rockies and Foothills regions of Canada.…”

Section: Archaeologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Quaternary Geologic History of the Canadian Rocky Mountains

Bobrowsky¹,

Rutter²

2007

gpq

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The Canadian Rocky Mountains figured prominently during the glacial history of western Canada. First as a western limit or boundary to the Laurentide Ice Sheet, second as an eastern margin of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet, and finally as a centre of local Montane ice. Throughout the Quaternary, complex interactions of glacier ice from these three ice sources markedly changed the physical form of the Rocky Mountains, Trench and Foothills areas. Investigations into the Quaternary history of this region have been ongoing since the beginning of the last century. Since about 1950, the number of studies performed in this area have increased significantly. This paper briefly reviews the historical accomplishments of Quaternary work in the region up to the period of about 1950. From this time to the present, individual study efforts are examined in detail according to the three geographic regions: 1) the northern Rocky Mountains (from the Liard Plateau south to the McGregor Plateau), 2) the central Rocky Mountains (from the McGregor Plateau south to the Porcupine Hills) and 3) the southern Rocky Mountains (from the Porcupine Hills south to the international border). In the northern region, geologic data suggest a maximum of two Rocky Mountain glaciations and only one Laurentide glaciation and no ice coalescence. In the central region, three of four Rocky Mountain events, and at least two Laurentide events are known. Only in the central region is there good evidence for ice coalescence, but the timing of this event is not clearly established. In the south, at least three Rocky Mountain episodes and a variable number of Laurentide episodes are recognized. There is no evidence for ice coalescence. A number of facts support the proposal that Cordilleran ice crossed the Continental Divide and joined with local Montane ice at several locations. However, this expansion of western ice occurred before the Late Wisconsinan in all areas but Jasper. In general, the chronological data presented suggest that the Late Wisconsinan glaciation in the Rocky Mountains was a short-lived event which started around or after 20 ka years ago and ended before 12 ka ago.

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Section: Archaeologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Quaternary Geologic History of the Canadian Rocky Mountains

Bobrowsky¹,

Rutter²

2007

gpq

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“…The study area is within a large (84,000,000 ha) First Nations (indigenous peoples on the geographic land known as Canada) territory (Treaty 8), and there are two First Nations reserves located within in the study area (populations: 205 and 840). There are multiple recreation sites, a cultural use area, and archeological evidence dating back 5830 ± 80 years (Valentine et al 1980), with historic human occupation estimated to 10,500 B.P. directly adjacent to the study area boundary (Driver et al 1996).…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

The inclusion of stakeholders and cultural ecosystem services in land management trade-off decisions using an ecosystem services approach

Darvill

Lindo

2015

Landscape Ecol

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Context An ecosystem service approach for land-use or conservation decisions normally uses economic or biophysical assessments for valuating nature's services. In contrast, even though ecosystem services are required for human well-being, the actual use of services by differing stakeholder groups are rarely considered in typical ecosystem service assessments, especially the more intangible, cultural ecosystem services.Objectives The aim of this research was to quantify different uses for 15 cultural and provisioning ecosystem service indicators across seven stakeholder groups in a watershed proposed with large hydroelectric dam development. MethodsWe used a large-scale survey to quantify use and frequency of use for ecosystem services. Results We demonstrate that different stakeholder groups use ecosystem services differently, both in terms of specific ecosystem service indicators, as well as for frequency of ecosystem service use. Across all stakeholder groups, specific cultural ecosystem services were consistently more important to participants when compared to provisioning ecosystem services, especially aesthetic/scenic values. Conclusions This work is of global importance as it highlights the importance of considering cultural ecosystem services (e.g. aesthetic/scenic, sense-ofplace values) along with multiple stakeholder groups to identify the trade-offs and synergies during decision-making processes for land-use or conservation initiatives.

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“…Given the low probabilities of site recovery mentioned above, single sites as study units seem wholly inappropriate to the regional scales under consideration. The low minimum threshold of indicators needed to discern the presence of an activity surface suggests that anthrosols, rather than artefact clusters, are more useful in recognizing past interventions (Valentine et al 1980;Stafford 1995). The use of anthrosols as basic study units eliminates the complicating factor of artefact density from the calculus of site recognition probability.…”

Section: Low Surface Visibility and The Potential Of Coring Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detecting and evaluating sites upon surface scatters in situations of low visibility, high degrees of geopedological change, or intensively layered paleo-landscapes, remains problematic. Once researchers obtain the necessary background for recognizing their presence in soil profiles, coring survey, using anthrosols as the basic analytical unit, represents a suitable and costeffective procedure in landscape analysis (Valentine et al 1980). This method allows the identification of areas preserving archaeological remains, and disqualifies regions unfruitful for further study.…”

Section: Strategies For Employing Coring As a Tool In Survey Projectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Advantages and Limitations of Coring Survey: An Initial Assessment of the Poggio Colla Coring Project

Graaff

Poppen

Nales

2010

Theoretical Roman Archaeology Journal

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The Description, Chronology and Correlation of Buried Soils and Cultural Layers in a Terrace Section, Peace River Valley, British Columbia

Cited by 21 publications

References 3 publications

The Quaternary Geologic History of the Canadian Rocky Mountains

The Quaternary Geologic History of the Canadian Rocky Mountains

The inclusion of stakeholders and cultural ecosystem services in land management trade-off decisions using an ecosystem services approach

The Advantages and Limitations of Coring Survey: An Initial Assessment of the Poggio Colla Coring Project

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