The design and analysis of a four-cage grid mooring for open ocean aquaculture

Fredriksson, David W.; DeCew, Judson; Swift, Michael; Tsukrov, Igor; Chambers, Michael D.; Çelıkkol, Barbaros

doi:10.1016/j.aquaeng.2004.05.001

Cited by 64 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…However, the net cages in previous field studies were usually of a specific design that included several appendages (Lader et al 2008;Fredriksson et al 2003Fredriksson et al , 2004. Therefore, a preliminary validation was conducted by comparing the responses of the net computed from the hydrodynamic data obtained from the hybrid method against results based on the classical hydrodynamic model of Aarsnes et al (1990).…”

Section: Validation Of the Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hybrid Empirical-Numerical Method for Hydroelastic Analysis of a Floater-and-Net System

et al. 2016

Journal of Ship Research

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Because of scale effects and inappropriate hydrodynamic models, the nonlinear hydroelastic response of net cages used for fish farming cannot be analyzed precisely with traditional model testing or combinations of FEMs (finite element methods) and load models. In this study, an innovative hybrid method is proposed to determine the hydroelastic response of full-scale floater-and-net systems more accurately. In this method, the net for the fish cage was vertically and peripherally divided into similar interconnected sections with different hydrodynamic parameters, which were assumed to be uniformly distributed over each section. A model of a typical section was subjected to various towing velocities, oscillation periods and amplitudes in a towing tank to simulate the potential motions of all sections in the net under various currents, waves and floater movements. By analyzing the measured hydrodynamic force from this test section, a hydrodynamic force database for a typical net section under various currents, waves and floater motions was built. Finally, based on an FEM, the modified Morison equation and the hydrodynamic force database, the hydroelastic behavior of the full-scale fish cage was calculated with an iterative scheme. It is demonstrated that this hybrid method is able to produce correct hydroelastic response for both steady and oscillatory flows. The hydroelastic response of a 2D example of a full-length net panel with steady currents and floater oscillations was studied in detail.

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Section: Validation Of the Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hybrid Empirical-Numerical Method for Hydroelastic Analysis of a Floater-and-Net System

et al. 2016

Journal of Ship Research

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“…The mooring complex was made from 5 cm dia. Polysteel lines that were tensioned and held in place by 1.43 m composite subsurface buoys in the corners and center of the grid (DeCew et al 2010a(DeCew et al , 2012Fredriksson et al 2004). The robust grid provided the necessary infrastructure to evaluate submersible cage systems DeCew et al 2010b).…”

Section: Intermediate Mooringsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technological Approaches to Longline- and Cage-Based Aquaculture in Open Ocean Environments

Goseberg

Chambers

Heasman

et al. 2017

Aquaculture Perspective of Multi-Use Sites in the Open Ocean

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As the worldwide exploitation rate of capture fisheries continues, the development of sustainable aquaculture practices is increasing to meet the seafood needs of the growing world population. The demand for aquatic products was historically satisfied firstly by an effort to expand wild catch and secondly by increasing land-based and near-shore aquaculture. However, stagnation in wild catch as well as environmental and societal challenges of land-based and near-shore aquaculture have greatly promoted efforts to development farming offshore technologies for harsh, high energetic environments. This contribution thus highlights recent technological approaches based on three sample sites which reach out from sheltered near-shore aquaculture sites to sites with harsh wave/current conditions. It compares and evaluates existing technological approaches based on a broad literature review; on this basis, we then strongly advocate for presently available aquaculture technologies to merge with future offshore structures and platforms and to unveil its added value through synergetic multi-use concepts. The first example

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“…This effect was also documented by Aarsnes et al (1990) andLoland (1991) using theoretical and physical model approaches. For small fish cage and mooring systems, the velocity reduction may be small enough to be incorporated in the design load (Fredriksson et al, 2004). For modeling large commercial size fish farms, however, the velocity reduction effect needs to be considered to prevent over design.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of large fish farm numerical modeling techniques with in situ mooring tension comparisons

Fredriksson

DeCew

Tsukrov

et al. 2007

Aquacultural Engineering

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A study is conducted to validate a numerical model for calculating mooring system tensions of a large fish farm containing 20 net pens in the absence of waves. The model is forced using measured current velocity values obtained outside of the farm. Mooring line tensions calculated with the numerical model are compared with load cell field data sets.The approach considers current velocity reduction and load characteristics that occur through the net pen system for both clean and fouled net conditions. Without accounting for the reduction, the numerical model produces excessively conservative results. With reduction, a substantial improvement occurs. Understanding these differences will help to establish appropriate safety factors when designing large marine fish farms using the model. Additional validation studies should be conducted with wave and current forcing to investigate the modeling large fish farms for exposed or open ocean sites.

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The design and analysis of a four-cage grid mooring for open ocean aquaculture

Cited by 64 publications

References 13 publications

A Hybrid Empirical-Numerical Method for Hydroelastic Analysis of a Floater-and-Net System

A Hybrid Empirical-Numerical Method for Hydroelastic Analysis of a Floater-and-Net System

Technological Approaches to Longline- and Cage-Based Aquaculture in Open Ocean Environments

Development of large fish farm numerical modeling techniques with in situ mooring tension comparisons

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