The design and optimisation of a rig to enable the lateral spreading of fibre bundles

Irfan, Muhammad Shafiq; Machavaram, Venkata R.; Murray, R. H.; Bogonez, FN; Wait, CF; Pandita, SD; Paget, MA; Hudson, M. K.; Fernando, Gerard Franklyn

doi:10.1177/0021998313490770

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…[8][9][10][11] A different set of modifications, referred to as 'clean filament winding', have also been reported in detail. [12][13][14][15][16][17] The reduction of waste (resin, solvent) and fewer emissions to the atmosphere are emphasized in these works. The resin bath is replaced with a combination of a resin impregnation unit and spreading stations for tow bundles.…”

Section: Filament Windingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of processing on the microstructure of hoop-wound composite cylinders

Lasn

Mulelid

2020

Journal of Composite Materials

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Fibre-reinforced polymer composites are increasingly used to make pipes and pressure vessels. The relationship between wet-winding manufacturing, composite microstructure, and the mechanical performance is complex due to many process parameters and material properties involved. Efficient manufacturing aspirations however drive process innovations that include new, radically different tow impregnation methods. In this work, the process–property–performance relationship is experimentally construed for hoop-wound carbon fibre/epoxy composite cylinders. The difference between cylinders produced by a new tow impregnation system and cylinders from the reference impregnation system was investigated. Winding speed and cylinder wall thickness were considered as two additional variables. The results indicate that, within current scope, composite microstructure is relatively insensitive to the winding speed and to final cylinder thickness. Meanwhile, un-optimized changes for tow impregnation affect the void content, the size distribution of voids and the interlaminar failure mode in short beam shear.

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Section: Filament Windingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of processing on the microstructure of hoop-wound composite cylinders

Lasn

Mulelid

2020

Journal of Composite Materials

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“…Homogeneous spreading of the tows is mandatory for robust permeability characterization as well. Mechanical spreading of fiber tows can easily be achieved by guiding the tows over rollers . However, specific attention is required with respect to the surface roughness of the rollers and thus, precision steel shafts with polished surface finish were provided for the setup.…”

Section: Experimental Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental characterization of single ply out‐of‐plane permeability through gaseous flow

et al. 2017

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A new approach to measure out‐of‐plane permeability of single ply unidirectional fiber material under tensile load has been investigated. Single ply permeability is an important material parameter in prepreg fabrication processes where the polymer impregnates the fiber reinforcement. Fibers are processed under tension changing the flow behavior of the resin into the porous media. The experimental characterization cell developed for these processes is mounted to a universal testing machine allowing application and continuous variation of the tensile load applied to the fiber sample. The article outlines the setup including the sensing and data acquisition concept, and implements the data reduction procedure based on Darcy's flow in porous media to obtain the transverse permeability as a function of tension loading. Transverse permeability was determined for single glass and carbon fiber tows for a wide range of tensile loading. The smaller diameter carbon tow permeability showed an order smaller permeability compared to glass fibers. In addition, permeability for both materials changed up to two orders as tensile loading was applied. The results can be used to optimize the impregnation behavior of single ply infusion processes. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:3247–3258, 2018. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers

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“…1 Fibre spreading results in a decrease in the thickness of the bundle with a concomitant increase in the width. 2 This enhances the through-thickness impregnation rate. 3 A schematic illustration of a typical resin bath-based pultrusion production process is shown in Figure 1(a) and a magnified view of the resin bath is presented in Figure 1(b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

On-site evaluation of a modified pultrusion process: Fibre spreading and resin injection-based impregnation

Irfan

Harris

Paget

et al. 2020

Journal of Composite Materials

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The focus of the current research was to demonstrate a modified pultrusion technique at an industrial site using a commercial production machine. In this instance, the conventional resin bath was replaced by a custom-designed compact impregnation unit. The dimensions of the impregnator were 310 mm × 400 mm × 9 mm. The relatively short length of the impregnator, when compared to a 5 litre resin bath, meant that it had to be efficient in impregnating the reinforcing fibre bundles. This was achieved using a fibre spreading unit and a facility to inject the resin under low-pressure. The design basis for the fibre spreading unit and the impregnator are presented along with the methodology that was used to select the pultrusion speed and die temperature. The pultrusion experiments were performed using filled and unfilled vinyl ester resin and E-glass fibres. The profile of the 0.5 metre-long die was rectangular with dimensions of 32 mm × 2.2 mm. The fibre spreading unit and the impregnator were retrofitted to the pultrusion line with ease. The physical, mechanical and thermo-mechanical properties were determined for the pultruded composites using the resin bath and the modified technique. The properties of the latter were found to be equivalent or marginally superior when compared to the resin bath-based production method. However, in the modified pultrusion technique, when compared to conventional resin bath-based pultrusion, the volume of waste resin generated was 97% lower. The volume of solvent required to clean the equipment after production was reduced by 90%.

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The design and optimisation of a rig to enable the lateral spreading of fibre bundles

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

The effect of processing on the microstructure of hoop-wound composite cylinders

The effect of processing on the microstructure of hoop-wound composite cylinders

Experimental characterization of single ply out‐of‐plane permeability through gaseous flow

On-site evaluation of a modified pultrusion process: Fibre spreading and resin injection-based impregnation

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