“…In particular, optical biosensors are promising because they are safe, easy to use, and cost-effective [12]. Various types of optical biosensors have been reported, including sensors based on a ring resonator, a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), localized SPR (LSPR), surface plasmon polariton (SPP), optical fiber sensors, and bimodal waveguide (BiMW) sensors, many of which have been developed for COVID-19 [11,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Among them, we focused on silicon microring resonators (Si MRRs), which are compact and low cost, and can be mass produced [21,22].…”