The design of axisymmetrical body shapes having the Stratford-Smith pressure recovery

Tokumaru, P. T.; Browand, F. K.; Blackwelder, Ron F.

doi:10.2514/6.1996-551

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

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“…If the initial fore-body shape is altered, the Stratford-Smith closure will be different, as several cases in Tokumaru et al (1996) demonstrate. Generally speaking, however, there seems to be less curvature in the axisymmetric closures than in their twodimensional counterparts (e.g.…”

Section: Stratford-smith Design Criterionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2.1. The design method The details of the method used to design the axisymmetric Stratford body are given in Tokumaru, Browand & Blackwelder (1996). The task is considerably more complicated in axisymmetric than planar flow because the appropriate pressure distribution condition contains the (unknown) body shape.…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Measurement Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second option is to specify a preset geometry for the forward portion of the body and to predict the shape of the back section that will produce a maximum pressure rise without flow separation. This latter option is selected; Tokumaru (1996) may be consulted for further details.…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Measurement Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When applied to our specified forebody shapea semi-ellipsoid plus cylinder -the predicted ramp shape is nearly conical with a cone half-angle of about 26.6 • . The shape is the result of the design procedure discussed in great detail by Tokumaru et al (1996). Figure 3(b) gives the body radius as well as its first and second derivatives expressed as functions of the axial coordinate X from the origin of the ramp.…”

Section: Stratford-smith Design Criterionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Whole-field velocity measurements around an axisymmetric body with a Stratford–Smith pressure recovery

2002

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Wind tunnel experiments are performed on a body of revolution with aft-section designed to be an axisymmetric Stratford ramp (i.e. the flow over the ‘ramp’ experiences an adverse pressure gradient that causes it to be continuously on the verge of separation). Digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) measurements over the ramp reveal a thick boundary layer that is characterized by self-similar velocity profiles with a large wake component and organized vorticity structures. The mean skin friction quickly drops to a value near zero.The sensitivity of the boundary layer to the degree of severity of the adverse pressure gradient is investigated by testing two additional ramps; one is slightly more conservative (i.e. less steep) than the Stratford ramp while the other is slightly more radical (i.e. steeper). In comparison to the Stratford ramp, the conservative ramp is characterized by a thinner boundary layer, with velocity profiles that start attached and gradually develop a large wake component, a much more gradual drop in the skin friction, and vorticity that is concentrated very close to the wall. On the other hand, the boundary layer over the radical ramp is unsteady and separates intermittently. Measurements of the drag force on each of the three bodies confirm that the Stratford ramp experiences the least amount of drag.Finally, additional data are gathered on the windward and leeward sides of the Stratford ramp when subjected to a small angle of attack. This case exhibits a more complex flow structure: the flow remains attached over the windward side of the ramp while separating over the leeward side.

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Section: Stratford-smith Design Criterionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Setup and Measurement Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Setup and Measurement Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stratford-smith Design Criterionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations