The Design of Megawatt Gyrotrons

Kreischer, K.E.; Danly, B.G.; Schutkeker, J. B.; Temkin, R.J.

doi:10.1109/tps.1985.4316447

Cited by 84 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Ohmic loss is one of the major constraints in the gyrotron operation. The expression of Ohmic loss density can be expressed in terms of the normalized parameters F (normalized field amplitude), µ (normalized interaction length), and ∆ (detuning parameter) as [15] where C t = J m (v mn )/J m±s (k mn r b ), σ is the electrical conductivity of the cavity wall, β t the transverse phase velocity, and γ the relativistic mass factor. This will provide the choice of the cathode voltage and field amplitude for a tolerable wall loss.…”

Section: Ohmic Loss/wall Loss Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Design & Analysis of a 42 GHz Gyrotron and the Effects of Structure & Beam Parameters on Its RF Performance

Singh¹,

Jain²

2022

PIER B

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The systematic design approach of a 42 GHz CW gyrotron has been extensively presented in this paper. Beam-wave interaction of the conventional tapered cylindrical cavity gyrotron is demonstrated using commercially available Particle-In-Cell (PIC) code. Beam absent and beam present cases have been considered to observe the performance of the device. Beam absent case is presented to validate the design in desired mode as well as resonant frequency whereas beam present case is demonstrated to validate and observe the beam-wave interaction behavior of the device in terms of output power. In order to optimize the dimension of interaction structure to achieve desired performance of the device, several parameters were considered. RF output power of the device is estimated with the variation of structure parameters as well as electron beam parameters to achieve better performance in terms of efficiency. Using the designed parameters, beam present analysis offers a saturated output power well above 250 kW. The particles phase space behavior along the interaction length is demonstrated to realize the energy transfer phenomena. The PIC simulation results are found in close agreement with the self-consistent single-mode results. The estimated output power and efficiency support the proper design of proposed gyrotron oscillator.

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Section: Ohmic Loss/wall Loss Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Design & Analysis of a 42 GHz Gyrotron and the Effects of Structure & Beam Parameters on Its RF Performance

Singh¹,

Jain²

2022

PIER B

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“…The modes in this class typically have a radial index p ~ 1 or 2 and an azimuthal index of m > p. Because the output power is proportional to (V --m 2 )/Q, and vmp m for surface modes, the use of a low diffractive Q cavity may be necessary if high power CW operation is desired in surface modes [10].…”

Section: < 1 Wherementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because the density of modes increases with cavity radius, the separation between the operating mode and competing modes decreases, and mode competition becomes a problem. This problem becomes particularly acute for the design of megawatt gyrotrons [10]. One promising class of modes for gyrotron operation is that of surface or "whispering gallery" modes [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whispering-Gallery-Mode Gyrotron Operation with a Quasi-Optical Antenna

Danly

Kreischer

Mulligan

et al. 1985

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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High frequency gyrotron operation in the TE 6 1 1 whispering gallery mode is reported.Powers as high as 112 kW and an efficiency as high as 25.4% have been obtained. In addition to the TE 6 1 1 mode, ten other fundamental modes with frequencies between 133.9GHz and 216.4 GHz were observed. A quasioptical antenna for whispering gallery modes has been tested for the TE 1 1 mode. The combination of this antenna and a reflector produces a well collimated, linearly polarized rf beam suitable for electron cyclotron resonance heating or plasma diagnostics. The experimental conversion efficiency was determined to be 89%, and the cross polarization was down by 25dB. A new quasioptical transmission line employing this antenna has also been tested with the gyrotron. The absence of mode competition for the TE 6 1 1 mode, as well as the efficient conversion of the output radiation into a linearly polarized Gaussian-like beam, substantiates the arguments for operation in surface modes in high power gyrotrons. The implications of quasioptical antennas for megawatt gyrotron window design are discussed.2

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“…4 Many research groups have been working on the development of high power and high frequency gyrotrons around the world and great progress has been achieved. 1,2,[4][5][6][7] In recent experiments and designs the electronic efficiency is around 35%. This is particularly the case in recent designs which take account of the expected velocity spread of the injected beam which can degrade the efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High efficiency cavity design of a 170 GHz gyrotron for fusion applications

1997

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The design of high power, continuous wave ͑cw͒, 170 GHz gyrotron cavities is considered. The anticipated degradation of efficiency with beam velocity spread places a premium on the optimization of efficiency. For parameters of interest achievement of high efficiency requires utilization of a high quality cavity. Two options are considered: a barrel cavity and a long simple tapered cavity operating at low voltage. The cavities are examined for their sensitivity to velocity spread, their mode competition, and their maximum Ohmic power dissipation. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.

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The Design of Megawatt Gyrotrons

Cited by 84 publications

References 16 publications

Systematic Design & Analysis of a 42 GHz Gyrotron and the Effects of Structure & Beam Parameters on Its RF Performance

Systematic Design & Analysis of a 42 GHz Gyrotron and the Effects of Structure & Beam Parameters on Its RF Performance

Whispering-Gallery-Mode Gyrotron Operation with a Quasi-Optical Antenna

High efficiency cavity design of a 170 GHz gyrotron for fusion applications

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