The Detection of Oxycodone in Meconium Specimens

Le, Ngoc Lan T.; Reiter, Andrea; Tomlinson, Kimberly; Jones, Joseph; Moore, Christine

doi:10.1093/jat/29.1.54

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The umbilical cord specimens were extracted by the procedures reported by Le et al 8 for meconium, and the extracts were analyzed for amphetamines, opiates, cocaine, cannabinoids, and PCP by ELISA assays (Immunalysis Corp, Pomona, CA). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) confirmations were made following procedures modified from Le et al 8 To arrive at the agreement values between meconium and cord screening data it was necessary to determine cutoff values for the umbilical cord screening assays. This was carried out by using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) plots to assign a screening cutoff value for amphetamines, opiates, cocaine, and cannabinoids.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing for fetal exposure to illicit drugs using umbilical cord tissue vs meconium

et al. 2005

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Umbilical cord tissue performs as well as meconium in assessing fetal drug exposure to amphetamines, opiates, cocaine, and cannabinoids. Results of studies using the cord may have a more rapid return to the clinician, because waiting for meconium to be passed sometimes requires several days. Moreover, in some cases the meconium is passed in utero making collection impossible, whereas cord should always be available for drug testing.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing for fetal exposure to illicit drugs using umbilical cord tissue vs meconium

et al. 2005

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“…The concentrations were measured by a meconium method [11, 45], or validation data were not supplied for the umbilical cord matrix [44]. Only Winecker et al [46] developed a cocaine quantification method in umbilical cord specimens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous quantification of buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine, buprenorphine-glucuronide and norbuprenorphine-glucuronide in human umbilical cord by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

Concheiro

Shakleya

Huestis

2009

Forensic Science International

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A LCMS method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of buprenorphine (BUP), norbuprenorphine (NBUP), buprenorphine glucuronide (BUP-Gluc) and norbuprenorphine glucuronide (NBUP-Gluc) in human umbilical cord. Quantification was achieved by selected ion monitoring of precursor ions m/z 468.4 for BUP; 414.3 for NBUP; 644.4 for BUP-Gluc and 590 for NBUP-Gluc. BUP and NBUP were identified by MS 2 , with m/z 396, 414 and 426 for BUP, and m/ z 340, 364 and 382 for NBUP. Glucuronide conjugates were identified by MS 3 with m/z 396 and 414 for BUP-Gluc and m/z 340 and 382 for NBUP-Gluc. The assay was linear 1-50 ng/g. Intra, interday and total assay imprecision (%RSD) were <14.5%, and analytical recovery ranged from 94.1% to 112.3% for all analytes. Extraction efficiencies were >66.3%, and process efficiency >73.4%. Matrix effect ranged, in absolute value, from 3.7% to 27.4% (CV<21.8%, n=8). The method was selective with no endogenous or exogenous interferences from 41 compounds evaluated. Sensitivity was high with limits of detection of 0.8 ng/g. In order to prove method applicability, an authentic umbilical cord obtained from an opioid-dependent pregnant woman receiving BUP pharmacotherapy was analyzed. Interestingly, BUP was not detected but concentrations of the other metabolites were NBUP-Gluc 13.4 ng/g, BUP-Gluc 3.5 ng/g and NBUP 1.2 ng/g.

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“…ElSohly et al (2001) Le et al (2005) Coles et al(2007) Staub(1999) Coles et al (2005) Marchei et al (2006) Marin et al (2007) Franssen et al (1994) Moore et al (2003) Caprara et al (2007) Bearer et al (2005) Bielawski et al (2005) Posecion et al (2007) Kato et al (2006) García-Algar et al (2007) Köhler et al (2007) Turker et al (2006) Ostrea et al (2006) Zhao et al…”

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confidence: 99%

The role of alternative specimens in toxicological analysis

Gallardo

Queiroz

2008

Biomedical Chromatography

174

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The use of alternative specimens in the field of toxicology was first described in 1979, when hair analysis was used to document chronic drug exposure. Since then, the use of these 'alternative' samples has gained tremendous importance in forensic toxicology, as well as in clinic toxicology, doping control and workplace drug testing. It is not surprising, therefore, that a large number of papers dealing with the determination of several classes of drugs in saliva, sweat, meconium and hair have been published ever since, owing to the fact that chromatographic equipment is becoming more and more sensitive, mass spectrometry (and tandem mass spectrometry) being the most widely used analytical tool, combined with gas or liquid chromatography. 'Alternative' specimens present a number of advantages over the 'traditional' samples normally used in toxicology (e.g. blood, urine and tissues), namely the fact that their collection is not invasive, their adulteration is difficult, and they may allow increased windows of detection for certain drugs. The main disadvantage of this kind of samples is that drugs are present in very low concentrations, and therefore high-sensitivity techniques are required to accomplish the analysis. This paper reviews a series of publications on the use of alternative specimens, with special focus on the main analytical and chromatographic problems that these samples present, as well on their advantages and disadvantages over traditional samples in documenting drug exposure.

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The Detection of Oxycodone in Meconium Specimens

Cited by 21 publications

References 10 publications

Testing for fetal exposure to illicit drugs using umbilical cord tissue vs meconium

Testing for fetal exposure to illicit drugs using umbilical cord tissue vs meconium

Simultaneous quantification of buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine, buprenorphine-glucuronide and norbuprenorphine-glucuronide in human umbilical cord by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

The role of alternative specimens in toxicological analysis

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